82 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



its life history; with what and how can you prevent or 

 destro)^ it. I believe that only to the man who so acts will 

 success in this direction come. This, too, I want to 

 emphasize: Take the crab fungi out. Scientific men say 

 that they are so small they cannot be seen with the naked 

 eye, but are present in our orchards in a latent state, ready 

 to develop under favorable conditions, these being high 

 temperature and moist atmosphere, during which they 

 spread and multiply with enormous ^apidit3^ Bordeaux 

 Mixture applied over the whole tree will prevent their 

 spread, as the fungus cannot live where it comes in contact 

 with the mixture This means the trunk, limbs, twigs, 

 leaves and fruit. To simply throw a little combination of 

 water, vitriol, lime and poison at the tree, after the fungus 

 has spread, will do but little good, while properly made 

 and applied will not only give us clean, bright colored 

 fruit, but also a vigorous growth of healthy foliage, which 

 means more fruit, a stronger tree, and fruit that will keep 

 much longer than that from a tree with poor foliage. This 

 I have proved more than once. After years of experience 

 with the Bordeaux Mixture I have come to regard it almost 

 with veneration, and had I to choose between that and 

 insecticides, I should without hesitation choose Bordeaux. 

 Its value depends largely in its being properly made. 

 Dr. Sturgis has given us most valuable information in this 

 line, and I would also advise a study of the Vermont Ex- 

 periment Station Bulletins on this subject. 



I have not time to go into detail, only to say that by 

 putting the six pounds of vitriol with half the fifty gallons 

 of water, and the four pounds of lime with the other half, 

 and then combining these two weak solutions, will give a 

 mixture that will stay in suspension, not clog the nozzle, 

 spread easily and remain long on the trees. We 

 always dissolve the vitriol and lime ahead, using as many 

 gallons of water as we have pounds of material, a gallon 

 then represents a pound and all weighing is done away 

 with. 



The insect that causes most trouble is probably the 

 codling moth, and while the &^g may hatch anywhere on 

 the fruit, it usually enters from the blossom end. There- 



