io8 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



cions lived where set earlier than May i and seventeen 

 per cent of those set later than June 15. 



The winter of 1 898-1 899 was a severe one, and many 

 trees and plants that are usually considered hardy were 

 injured. It is interesting-, therefore, to note the effect 

 upon the chestnut grafts and cions. As a rule, the early 

 set ones which made a vigorous growth came through the 

 winter in good condition, while of the late grafts nearly 

 every one was dead. In some cases the stocks had been 



CLEFT GRAFT. 



killed back'^to the ground. Cions were cut from the living 

 grafts to set during the spring of 1899, the work of grafting 

 was begun and over 100 cions set in the stocks, when it 

 was discovered that most of the cions had been injured 

 during the winter, the cambium in many places having 

 turned black and begun to decay. The result of this graft- 

 ing was of course unsatisfactory, the proportion which 

 lived and grew being very small. Some of the stocks had 

 doubtless been weakened during the winter as well as the 

 cions. Growth started, however, in some of them, and 

 was checked later by the serious drought which prevailed 



