40 Graftimj. 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



Grafting. 



fail to grow ; it also enables us to obtain a 

 number of such grafts from one vine. In 

 this case the layered canes should be sepa- 

 rated from the parent stocks in the latter part 

 of summer, and may be taken up in the fall 

 like any other ordinary layers. 



When the object of grafting is to place a 

 European variety or a hybrid, subject to the 

 attacks of the Phylloxera, beyond reach of 

 harm by the insect, it is verj^ important to 

 place the graft as near the surface of the soil 

 as possible, so as to prevent the scion from 

 making its own roots. During the first sum- 

 mer, the grafts should be carefully examined 

 about once a month, and an}'' roots which may 

 have formed from the scion should be cut off. 

 Where the scion is itself of a Phjdloxera- 

 resisting variety, this precaution is, of course, 

 unnecessary. 



It frequentl}' happens that the buds of the 

 grafts swell rapidly within a few days after 

 the operation, and then, after having given 

 great promise for a week or two, they turn 

 brown and apparently die off. Do not let 

 this discourage you too quickly, and above 

 all make no rash examinations of the cause of 

 this seeming failure, by pulhng out the scion 

 or otherwise loosening it. A graft will often 

 remain in this state for a period of live or six 

 weeks, and then start up all at once with a 

 vigor that will push young wood to the length 

 of twenty or more feet the same season. 

 Keep the young growth well tied up, and 

 carefully remove all suckers from the parent 

 stock as soon as they appear. 



A method of "Green or Herbacious graft- 

 ing," which is said to give excellent results, 

 and is extensively practiced in some parts of 

 Hungary, especially in the grape regions 

 around BuDA-rKSTii, is descriljed in the Am- 

 2>eIoc/raphische Beri elite as follows: "In the 

 month of May, when the young shoots have 

 not yet become woody, but have already well- 

 developed eyes at the base of the leaf, the 

 shoot Avhich is to be grafted is cut off close 

 below an eye ; it is then split nearly up to the 



ej'e below the cut. The scion, which 

 has been taken from a suitable young 

 shoot, is cut to one eye with a long, 

 thin wedge, below which it is fitted 

 nicely into the split. The graft is 

 then wrapped with woolen 3'arn. 

 After a few days the eye will begin 

 to swell and grow, and after a com- 

 plete union has taken place will de- 

 velop shoots of a yard (over 90 

 centim.) or more in length, the same 

 season. During the first winter the 

 grafted canes should be laid down 

 and covered, to protect them from 

 injury b}^ frost. The advantages of 

 this method of grafting are, that fruit ma}"- 

 often be obtained the first season, that several 

 grafts can be made on the same stock, and 

 that the operation is a very easy one ; a 

 skilled hand can easily graft one hundred 

 and fifty or more in a day ; and that it 

 is performed at a time when other work in the 

 vineyard is, comparativel}-, not very pressing." 

 Another method of grafting, above the 

 ground, is by 



GRAFTING BY APFROACH OR INARCHING. 



For this method it is desirable that two 

 plants, one each of the variety which is to 

 form the stock, and one of the scion, are 

 planted close together, say about one foot 

 apart. In June (the first year, if the plants 

 make a sufficiently strong growth, if not, the 

 second year), or as soon as the young shoots 

 become sufficiently hard and woody to bear 

 the knife, a shoot is taken from both the 

 stock and the scion vine, and at a convenient 

 place, where the}' ma}^ be brought in contact, 

 a shaving is taken out from each of these, on 

 the side next to the other, for a length of two 

 or three inches. This must be done with a 

 smooth cut of a sharp knife, a little deeper 

 than the inner bark, so as to obtain on each 

 a flat surface. They are then fitted snugly 

 together, so that the inner bark joins as 

 much as possible, and are wrapped securel}'- 

 with some old calico strips, or with soft bass 

 strings. Besides this, it is well to place one 

 tie a little below, and one above the grafted 

 point, and also to tie the united canes to a 

 stake or trellis to insure against all chances 

 of loosening by the swaying of the wind. 

 The rapid swelling of the young growth at 

 this period of the year makes it desirable 

 that the grafts be looked over after a few 

 weeks, replacing such ties which may have 

 burst, and loosening others which may bind 

 so as to cut into the wood. A union will 

 generall}' be made in the course of two or 

 three weeks, which will be further consoli- 



