Duchess. 



DESCRIPTION OF VARIETIES. 



Early Ohio. 119 



John J. Thomas, recognized as authority among 

 pomologists, says: In quality, it is unquestion- 

 ably one of the most delicious of all out-door 

 varieties, and in growth the vines possess great 

 vigor and hardiness, withstanding our winters 

 uninjured- In a discussion on the new grape at 

 the Am. Poraol. Society meeting, 1881, Mr. Cay- 

 wood remarked "that the Duchess will not 

 endure high feed. It grows rampantly, making 

 thirty feet on the vines at three yeai-s old." He 

 assured us also, that: " It carries better than any 

 other known variety, having been sent to Cali- 

 fornia and back again in good condition, and five 

 weeks afterward the same clusters were sent to 

 the exhibition at Atlanta, Ga. It keeps without 

 difficulty imtil spring. All grapes that carry 

 well keep well from the same general cause." 

 Testimony as to the excellence of the Duchess 

 grape has been received from many eminent 

 authorities in the country, which our own experi- 

 ence corroborates. The vine fails, however, in 

 manj^ locations; in our locality it is a fine garden 

 variety for amateurs and for family use. It was 

 shown, in fine condition by Ellwanger & Barry, 

 of Rochester, on January 28, 1892, at the New 

 York Horticultural Society meeting ! 



Diiulap. One of Ricketts' Hybrids; a fine red 

 grape. See Ricketts' Hybrids. 



Dnnn. {^Est.) A very late grape obtained from a 

 Mr. Dunn, in Western Texas, and named after him l)y 

 G. Onderdonk, Mission Valley, Texas. Vine a vigorous 

 grower, in habit and foliage precisely like tlie Herbemont, 

 but bunches generally not shouldered, and berries above 

 Herbemont in size and paler in color; ripens about 

 wlientlie Herbemont is gone, which is a valuable feature 

 for i^outliern Texas and similar soutliern climates, but 

 makes it unfit forour Northern and even for the Central 

 States. 



Further experiments make it doubtful whether this 

 variety is sufHciently distinct from the Herbemont, 

 and whether the ditference in size and time of ripening 

 may not have been due to other circumstances, con- 

 ditions of soil, etc. 



(Labr.) See Dracut Amber, 



Early Amber. 



page 117. 



Early Aiig^nst. (Labr.) Said to be a twin seedling of 

 Pocklington, from Concord, introduced or I'aied by 

 John Charlton, of Rochester, N. Y. Vine vigorous, 

 hardy and prolific, with Concord foliage; clusters me- 

 dium to large, moderately compact, and sometimes 

 shouldered; berry above medium, golden yellow witii 

 delicate white bloom, skin thin but tougli; sweet with 

 slightly acid flavor, without pulp or foxy taste : claimed 

 to ripen before Moore's Early. Little known. 



Early Daisy, (Labr.) A chance seedling that 

 came up in the garden of John Kready, Moimt 

 .Joy. Lancaster County, Pa. Vine a strong grower, 

 very hardy and a regular productive bearer; leaf 

 resembling Hartford, keeps green and fresh till 

 late in the season; bunche>< medium, very com- 

 pact; berrifift bi.ack with blue tint; medium, 

 round, very attractive; skin tough, quality good. 

 Ripens eight days earlier than Champion, and is 

 claimed to be the earliest black grape; believed 

 to do well without much care in any kind of soil. 



Early l)awu. (Labr.-H>ibr.) A black grape of 

 fine quality which originated with Dr. Wm. A. 

 M. Culbert, of Xewburgh, N. Y., being a cross of 

 Muscat-Hamburg and Israella; vine healthy, vig- 

 orous and productive; wood moderately short- 

 jointed; leaves large, thick and firm, roundish, 

 broadly but not deeply serrated, sometimes slight- 

 ly lobed. Bunch medium to large, long, shoul- 

 dered; berr'i medium, round, black with a thick 

 blue bloom; skin thin but firm: fiesh tender, 

 juicy, sweet, slightly vinous, rich and of very 



good quality; the fruit adheres well to the ped- 

 uncle, keeps well, and is a valuable addition to 

 the early grapes ; either for the table or market. 

 Ripens a week or more before the Hartford. — 

 Charles Doivning. 



P. M. Augur of Connecticut, O. B. Hadwen of 

 Massachusetts, and some others, consider it one 

 of the best early varieties ; a moderate grower, 

 with a moderately good bunch. An amateur 

 variety only, as its parentage gives no confidence 

 in its health and value. 



Early Golden. (Labr.-Hybr.) Produced by 

 T. V. Munson of Denison, Texas, from a seedling 

 of Campbell's Triumph (q. v.) and originally 

 named by him "Campbell" in honor of that 

 veteran horticulturist, but to avoid confusion in 

 nomenclature with his CampbelVs Early, Munson 

 kindly withdrew the former name, by request, 

 to be known hereafter as ^^ Early Golden.'''' It is a 

 WHITE grape of finest quality, resembling its 

 parent, but earlier ripening, with or a little 

 after the Delaware. Vine vigorous and produc- 

 tive, but tender and damaged in cold at 5° 

 below zero, suffering also by drouth in thin 

 soil. Its foliage resembles Concord. Bunches 

 and berries medium in size, of a beautiful pale 

 golden color, and thin skin, without pulp; seeds 

 few and small; slightly subject to rot. A prom- 

 ising amateur grape for the garden. 



H. Jaeger reported at the Missouri State Horti- 

 cultural Society meeting, 1891-92 : '' I have ob- 

 served the ' Campbell,' (now named Early Gold- 

 en,) a white seedling of Triumph for seven years 

 and have grown four good crops of it. It ripens 

 with Delaware, keeps and ships admirably well. 

 I had it hang on the vine perfectly sound till 

 November, making a very good raisin. This 

 grape is as pure, and free of pulp as any vinifera, 

 resembling the famous ' Chasselas ' or Gutedel. 



The New York Experimental Station at Geneva 

 report for 1892 : "' Our vines of this variety re- 

 ceived from T. V. Munson in the spring of 1886, 

 have successfully withstood a lower temperature 

 than 5° below zero and borne fruit the following 

 season. Ripens there however much later, about 

 as late as Catawba. 



Early Hudson. (?) An early, round, black grape, 

 of little value, except as a curiosity, inasmuch as .some 

 of the berries contain no seed. 



Early Ohio. (Labr.Hybr.) A chance seed- 

 ling raised by R. A. Hunt, of Euclid, Ohio. 

 It was found in the summer of 1882, grovring 

 in his vineyard between a row of Concord 

 and Delaware. Mr. Hunt states that the 

 third 3'^ear from seed it set thirty clusters, of 

 which all but ten were removed ; these were 

 ripe the 20tli of August. It has borne large 

 crops every year since, ripening always a 

 week or ten days earlier than "Moore's 

 Early," on the same soil and under the same 

 circumstances. The vine being a strong 

 grower, quite as hard}^ and health}^ as the 

 Concord, which it I'esembles, with abundant, 

 healthy foliage and fruit, frequently pro- 

 ducing a crop the first year after planting; 

 much earlier and better in quality than Hart- 

 ford, with superior shipping quality. The 

 Earl}- Ohio is destined to be a popular aijd 



