York Madeira, 



DESCRIPTION OF VARIETIES. 



Zita. 191 



York Madeira. (?) Syii., Bi,ack German, Large 

 German, Small German, jSIarion Port, Wolfe, Mon- 

 TEiTH, Tryon. An old variety, supposed to be a seed- 

 ling of Isabella; originated at York, Pa. French viti- 

 culturlsts classify it as a hybrid. MARi;s finds in the 

 structure of its roots great analogy with the ^ISstivalis, 

 and that it is difficult to classify. Bunch medium sized, 

 compact, and generally has a small shoulder; berry of 

 medium size, roundish-oval, black, thicl<ly covered 

 with alight bloom; juice slightly reddened, sweet, vi- 

 nous, not very rich ; skin somewhat pungent, and not 

 much toughness In its pulp when fully ripe, which is 

 about same time with Isabella. The vine is not very 

 hardy, short-jointed, moderately vigorous and produc- 

 tive, but often losing its leaves, and consequently fail- 

 ing to ripen its crop. 



Charles Canby,of Wilmington, Del., introduced the 

 same variety as Canby's August. Hyde's Eliza (Catskill, 

 N. Y.) is probably also the same grape. 



The "York Madeira" is now jilraost entirely discar- 

 ded and but rarely found in its native land, America, 

 but in France it obtained a certain importance and 

 celebrity. M. Laliman, of Bordeaux, first recommended 

 It as remarkably free from phylloxera and worthy of 

 propagation, and it was found to adapt itself very well 

 to various soils. Though its fructification is not satis- 

 factory in quantity, its grapes gain under that climate 

 in richness of color and sweetness, and its vigorous 

 growth recommends it as a grafting-stock; but as such 

 also it is inferior to the Riparia. 



YoHiig' America. (Labr.) See Concord Seed- 

 ling, page 107. 



Zelia. (Ili/br.) Produced by C. S. Copley, of 

 Staten Island, N. Y. Vine of medium, strong 

 growth, quite hardy and productive. The leaves 

 are five-lobed, some indistinctly so; dull green, 

 lighter on the under side; very coarsely notched 

 on the edge ; foot-stalks green, wood light brown. 

 Bunch and berries both very large; one bunch 

 weighed 1 pound 6 ounces; black with a fine 

 bloom; it sets very close; skin thin, does not 

 crack; no pulp, rather meaty, very rich, sweet, 

 aromatic flavor, not a trace of fox ; ripens early, 

 before Concord. 



Zita. (JEst.) A seedling of the Delaware^ 

 originated by John Sacksteder, of Leavenworth, 

 Crawford county, Ind. Vine of healthy, vigorous 

 growth, has borne four satisfactory crops without 

 sign of disease; bunch above medium; berry me- 

 dium, round, color yellow, a good bearer of best 

 quality. 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



X. 

 M. 



S. 



N. 



S. 



Sometimes used in the text of Descriptions, to designate those divisions of our country where the 

 Variety is at home or believed to succeed. 



for North Atlantic States, viz. : Me., X. H., Vt,, Mass., R. I., Ct., also N. Scotia. 



for Middle Atlantic States: N. Y., JST. J., Penna., Del., Md., Va., W. Va. 



for South Atlantic States: N. C, S. C, Ga., Fla. 



for Xorth Central States: Mich., Wis., Minn., Iowa, Dak., Nebr., also Ontario. 

 S. for Central States: Ohio, Ky., Tenn., Inda., Ills., Mo., Kans. 

 S. for South Central States: Ala., Miss., La., Tex., Ark. 



I. INDEX TO ORIGINATORS OF GRAPES (SEEDLINGS AND HYBRIDS) 



AND SOME OF THEIR PRODUCTIONS HEREIN DESCRIBED. 



NAME. 



Page. 



NAME. 



Page, 



NAME. 



Page. 



Alderton, D. 

 Harmer 132 



Allen. John Fisk 



Allen's Hybr. 84 



Arnold's Hybr. 



Autuchon No. 5, *88 



Brant No. 8, *94 



Canada No. 16, *99 



Cornucopia No. 2,*108 



Othello No. 1, 167 



Bacock, Dan. W. 



Wheaton 186 



Barnes, M. D. 

 Paradox 167 



Barnes, Parker 



Barnes' 



Brown, Jason 

 Hine 138 



Brown, W. B. 

 Brown 



96 



Bruce, J. S. 

 Critic 109 



Bull, E. W 109 



CONCORD 105 



Cottage 108 



Esther 12.5 



Rockwood 107 



Una 107, 183 



Burr, John 121 



Cochee 104 



EARLY VICTOR *121 



Eclipse 123 



Evaline 126 



Ideal 140 



lola 140 



Jewel 144 



Magnate 151 



Matchless 154 



Mendota 154 



Omega 165 



Osage 165 



Osee 165 



Paragon 167 



Peola 168 



Primate 171 



Pulasky 171 



Seneca 180 



Superior 180 



Standard 180 



Supreme ISO 



White Jewel 187 



Campbell G. W. 

 CAMPBELL'S EARLY ....* 98 



Concord Chasselas 107 



Concord Muscat 107 



Juno 144 



Lady 145 



Purity 171 



Triumph (No. 6,) 181 



White Delaware 186 



Carpenter, Chas. 



Claret 103 



Lydia 151 



Mary 153 



Mottled 159 



Cayavood, a. J 100 



Caywood No. 1, 50, 100 



Duchess *118 



Florence 127 



Hudson 138 



Mabel 151 



Metternich 155 



Modena 1.56 



Nectar 160 



Poukeepsie *169 



Ulster 183 



Walter *185 



White Concord 107 



White Ulster 187 



