266 JUMPING. 



instruction in jumping by means of the cavesson and 

 leading rein, by which method, the weight is unduly thrown 

 on the forehand, and consequently the horse, not having his 

 hind legs well under him when he lands over the fence, is 

 unable to get quickly away from it. Besides this, the horse 

 has to moderate his speed in accordance with that of the 

 man in front of him. By driving him with the long reins 

 on foot we may teach him to go collectedly at any pace 

 we like, and can quickly get him out of the habit of 

 dwelling at his fences. We should, of course, supple- 

 ment this with judicious schooling, especially in company, 

 and should be careful not to interfere with the animal's 

 mouth. 



Putting too much weight on the forehand ivJien jumping. 

 — This may be corrected by using a bearing rein (see 

 page 185) when practising the horse over jumps with the 

 long reins, or at liberty (see page 263). 



Ptitting too much iveight on the hind legs when landi^ig. 

 — As far as my experience goes, this fault is induced in 

 sound horses only by the use of a severe bit, or by the 

 severe use of an ordinary bit. It may be corrected by 

 mouthing lessons with the long reins, by the use of the 

 standing martingale, and by removal of the cause. 



With respect to ref rising and running oitt at fences, see 

 page 339- 



To break a horse of rusJiing at his fences, we should put 

 him through the course of instruction recommended for 

 puUing (see page 324), and should ^\wq him plenty of 

 practice over stiff fences with the long reins, so as to make 

 him regulate his pace without showing any impatience. 



