300 SCHOOL BREAKING. 



direction on regaining the track after his diagonal march. 

 In 'Cavalry Drill, 1891/ page ^6, this movement is 

 called the ' half-passage.' In the illustration (Plate V.) 

 facing that page, the horses which are doing this half- 

 passage are represented as moving in a direction of about 

 45° to the side of the school to which their bodies are 

 parallel. As they are shown on Plate IV. of the same 

 book, at the passage moving in a direction parallel to the 

 side of the school, but with their bodies placed at an angle 

 of about 45° to it, we may conclude that the "half-passage " 

 of the drill book is merely the passage executed diagonally 

 across the school. The change of hand by the passage is 

 useful on account of its leading up to the counterchange of 

 hand, which I shall now describe. 



Counterchange of hand by the passage is executed in 

 the same manner as the preceding evolution, except that 

 when half the diagonal movement has been made, the aids 

 are reversed, and the horse is brought back to the side of the 

 school which he has just left, by a passage, the direction of 

 which will be at right angles to that of the first one. Prac- 

 tice of this air at the walk, trot, and finally at the canter, 

 is a valuable preliminary to instruction in change of leg 

 at the canter. 



Circling at the passage. — This can be done either with 

 the head or with the tail turned towards the centre of the 

 circle, the diameter of which will usually be half the length 

 of either of the short sides of the school, say, ten yards. 

 This circle, when the head is turned towards the centre,. 



