KISSING. 369 



means of the whip, and jump this obstacle. We may then 

 substitute for the dummy the real horse, which we can 

 teach, by means of the rope-twitch (see page 129), to stand 

 perfectly still. All that now remains is to gradually fill up 

 the trench while continuing the lessons. We may dis- 

 pense with or retain the side reins. 



Kicking. — A horse can be taught to kick by touching 

 him on the croup with the whip, and patting him on the 

 neck when he kicks, which he will soon learn to do, if he be 

 that way inclined, on being merely " shown " the whip. I 

 may mention that the tricks by which the unrideable mule 

 of circuses gets rid of his would-be riders, are, generally, 

 rearing and kicking in quick succession ; followed, if 

 necessary, by lying down and rolling. He will do any or all 

 of these antics in obedience to signals given with the whip. 



Kissing. — This is done by accustoming the horse to take 

 some coveted bit of food out of one's mouth. In teaching 

 a horse to do that part of the Dick Turpin " act," in which 

 Black Bess, while lying exhausted on the ground, turns 

 round and kisses her master before dying, the animal is 

 made to lift up her head by pricking her with a pin on the 

 shoulder. 



Kneeling down. — See " Lying down." 



Laughing. — This meaningless trick is accomplished in 

 the same way as a horse is taught to shake its head, by 

 pricking him with a pin ; except that the irritation is 



2 B 



