372 CIRCUS TRICKS. 



and thus come down on his knees. Or we may pull his 

 fore legs from under him {a la Norton Smith, see page I75)> 

 one after another, while giving him the signal with the 

 whip. 



Obeying without reins. — Mr. Rockwell, the American 

 horse-tamer, instructed three horses so well, that he was 

 able to drive them together in a trap, and make them 

 moderate their speed, turn, stop, and go on, in perfect 

 obedience, by signals without reins. ''Professor" Sample 

 used to drive tandem with a leader that did his work 

 without either reins or traces ! The following would 

 be appropriate signals for performing Rockwell's feat : — 

 *' Clicking " with the tongue, for " ^o on ; *' steady," for 

 " moderate speed " ; holding up whip, or saying " whoa ! " 

 for " stop " ; holding whip to the left, for '* turn to the left " ; 

 holding whip to the right, for " turn to the right." 

 Sample's tandem leader did his " act " without instruction. 



The right-about-turn and left-about-turn might be 

 indicated by bringing the whip round to the right rear, 

 or to the left rear, as the case might be. The signals 

 should be taught the horse by employing them, on all 

 occasions, when using the equivalent indications of the 

 rein, which, to be additionally impressive, should be given 

 sharper than usual. 



It is comparatively easy to teach, when mounted, a suit- 

 able horse to obey without reins a number of indications, 

 the effect of which is good in proportion to the difficulty 

 experienced by the observer in seeing their application. 

 Here, alteration of the position of the rider's weight comes 



