73 A. D. 1530. 



firfi; inftruded, by his famous admiral Barbarofla. to manage a navy ; 

 the Turkifh emperors having till now applied themfelves principally to 

 the increafe of their power by land armies only. It was by this famous 

 fea-commandLi's advice that the Turks firft manned their galleys with 

 H.ives, infte:id of raw and unexperienced men. By fuch regulations did 

 Earl^arofTa greatly increafe the ftrength of the Turkifli navy, which 

 f on that tim." became much more terrible to Chriftendom than be- 

 fore ; as ihe Venetians, and alfo tlie Genoefe, foon and fadly expe- 

 rienced, by tVie lofs of moll of their iflands and ports in the Levant feas. 

 About this time, according to Hakluyt, Captain William Hawkins of 

 Plymouth made a voyage to Guinea, and traded there for elephants 

 teeth, &c. and thence iailed to Brafil, where he alfo traded. In thole 

 days the Europeans had not confined the commerce of their American 

 colonies fo entirely to themfelves as to exclude the approach of all other 

 nations thither. Captain Hawkins traded to Brafil again in the year 



1532*. 



1 531. — Several hiftorians tell us, that in the year 153 1, a terrible 

 earthquake happened at the city of Lifbon, which lafted eight days, and 

 overthrew 1500 houfes and many churches. 



The fame year the new canal from Bruflels to Antwerp was begun, 

 but not completed till the year 1560. 



The citizens of Antwerp, being now in great profperity, the fruits of 

 .an immenfe commerce, built their famous bourle, or exchange f , the 

 iioblell of that age in Europe, for the daily refort of merchants of all 

 nations. Upon the front of that edifice, according to Louis Guicciardin, 

 in his hiftory of the Netherlands, there was placed the following in- 

 fcription : 



S. P. Q^A. 



In UJiim Negoti'atorum cujujcunque Nationis ac Linguae, Urbifque adeo Jiiee Or- 

 namentum. Anno mdxxxi, a Solo extrui curaveriint %. 



* Hawkins's fliip was remarked as exceedingly tained. The French merchants alfo carried the 

 large, being of 250 tons burthen. HaUuyt''s voy- name to the fame kind of places at Rouen, and 

 ages, V. 'in, p. "jco. M. even as far as Tholoufe : Yet, fiys he, Queen 

 f Guicciardin gives the following account of Eli/.abetli of England (in whofe reign he wiote), 

 the origin of the name of bourfe, given to fuch upon viewing the newly-erefled magnificent bourfe 

 edifices in fundry cities of Europe. of London, would have it called the royal ex- 

 There was, it feems, before this time a commo- change, though foreigners there ftill call it the 

 diouny fittiattd fquare in the middle of the city of bourfe-royale. He tells us alfo, that in Antwerp 

 Bruges, in which Hood a large nntient burding, there is a handfome edifice, called the Englifli 

 which had been ertfted by the noble family of La bourfe, built in the year 1550, for the accommo- 

 Bourfe (which fignifies purfe in French and Flem- dation of Englifli merchants ; and another noble 

 ifli), whofe coat-of-arms on its walls wis three bouife or ftiufture for the German merchants of 

 purfes. 'i"he merchants of Bruges made this old the Hanfe. 



Jioufe the place of their daily afTcn.blies ; and % In Englifh ; The fenate and people of Ant- 



wlien atterwaid they went to the fairs of Antwerp werp trefted this ftrufture for the accommodation 



and Mons, ihcy called the places they found there of merchants of all nations and languages, and tor 



jbr the merchants adembling by tlie fame name of an oniainent to their city, anno 1531. 

 ja bouifc; whereby at length that name alone ob- 



