8o A. D. T536. 



been brought to Liflion, even before they had made their difcoveries in 

 either the Eafl or Weft Indies. 



But next to the Portuguefc, the EngUfh now began to trade to the 

 Guinea coaft, fome of whoni, it is faid, were io fuccefsful as to bring 

 home in one voyage above 100 pound weight of gold duft, befide ele- 

 phants teeth, &c. Yet the Englifli ereded no forts on that coaft till 

 long after this time *. 



King Henry having fuppreiled the hofpital or fillerhood of * Seynt 

 ' James in the fylde,' near A'l^eftminfter, declared that the faid houfe or 

 hofpital of Seynt James in the fylde he had now inclofed, and there 

 made a park and n"ianor for himfelf. {Foe/iera, V. xiv, p. S^S-^ -^^ P^'c- 

 fent they are the royal palace and park of St. James's, in the liberty of 

 Weftminfter. 



Wales, which had long before been abfolutely fubjeil to the crown 

 of England, was now, by a judicious act of parliament, totally united 

 and incorporated with England, its people being declared Englifli fub- 

 jects to all intents whatever, and fubject to the laws of England only ; 

 all their own peculiar tenures, defcents, cufloms, and ufages contrary 

 thereunto being aboliflied. The whole principality was now divided 

 into twelve fliires, as at prefent, belide Monmouthfhire and the town of 

 Haverfor dwell:, which v%7as before a county of itfelf. , [27 Hen. VIII, c. 

 26.] — And by the ad [34, 35 Hen. VIU, c. 26.] it is declared that eight 

 have been Hrlres formerly, and the four newly made are Radnor, Breck- 

 nock, Montgomery, and Denbigh, hi this copious ad many regulations 

 were made to reduce Wales entirely to the laws and cuiloms or Eng- 

 land ; and divers lordfliips and manors in the marches of Wales v-'ere 

 annexed to the counties of Salop, Hereford, and Glocefter. 1"he juftice 

 of Chefter had annexed to his office the fliires of Denbigh, Flint, and 

 Montgomery, and yet (fays the ad) he fhall have nothing but his old 

 fee of Li CO yearly. And three other juftices were appointed, each hav- 

 ing t?iree counties under his circuit ; and each ot thele three jufticcs had 

 L50 yearly iiilary. 



Ey thcfe wife regulations, not only all former national prejudices on 

 cither lide have been gradually removed, but the people of Wales have 

 been brought to a more induftrious courfe of living, by applyiiig them- 

 felves to manufadures and a better cultivation of their lands, infomuch 

 that in our times that country wears quite another and more beautiful 

 afp-ed than when this incorporating union was made. And we hear no 

 more of the rapine, murders, &c. before (b frequent on the borders be- 

 tween England and Wales ; bur, to tlie mutual felicity of both couii- 

 tries, a regular intercourfe has long lince been eilabliflied between them, 

 in like fort as between one county of England and another. 



* At If aft one voyagr to Guinea before this time by an Engiidiman, captain Hawkins, is already, 

 acted,, from Ilakluyt, in tiie year 1530. M. 



