S6 A' D. 1540. 



Baldivia invaded the fine country of Chili in South America, and be- 

 came mafter of fome part of it. Neverthelefs, what the Spaniards have 

 held in that country did for many years cofl them very much blood- 

 fhed, and the lofs of a great number of lives. 



It was about this time that (according to the ingenious author of the 

 third and fourth parts of the prefent ftate of England, 8vo, 1683) cher- 

 ry-trees were firfl brought into England from Flanders, and planted in 

 Kent, with fuch fuccefs that an orchard of only 32 acres produced in 

 one year as much as yielded Liooo. Probably the novelty of fo deli- 

 -cious a fruit made people at firft give high prices for them. Yet this 

 author, in another place, fays that Leonard Mafcal, King Henry VIII's 

 gardener, alleges that both pippins and cherries were in England before 

 •the year 1524. Neverthelefs, Camden alleges that the Romans intro- 

 tiuced the growth of cherries into Britain. If fo, it is flrange the Saxons 

 fufFered fo fine a fruit to be loft in England *. 



An ad of parliament now pafled in Scotland, which appointed in 

 every burgh an officer for the fealing of all woollen cloths, by way of 

 prevention of all drawers (ftrainers or fi:retchers) thereof, and alfo of all 

 iitftars (dyers) of falfe colours. [Jac. V, pari, vii, c. ri2.] 



I ^41 . — Guftavus Erickfon, king of Sweden, obferving that the emperor 

 gave all kinds of alfifiance to the Count Palatine, brother-in-law to the de- 

 throned and imprifoned King Chriil:iern II, in order to reftore that unhap- 

 py king to the thrones of the three northern kingdoms, found it needful 

 to ftrengthen himfelf by fome potent foreign aUiance for a counter-ba- 

 lance : And Francis I, king cf France, being engaged in the Smalcaldic 

 league of the proteftant princes of Germany againft the emperor, Guf- 

 tavus difpatched an ambaflador to him, with propofals for a mutual 

 commerce between both nations ; particularly, that the Sv/edes would 

 fetch their wines, fait, &c. diredly from France in their own bottoms, 

 inftead of taking them at fecond-hand from tlie Hollanders ; and Guf- 

 tavus, moreover, propofed to ered: magazines of fait in Sweden, and to 

 compell every family (as is done in France itfelf) to take a fet quantity 

 of it at a fixed rate. His fair projed, it is true, did not fucceed ; but 

 ■his other propofals for trade were well received by Francis, to whom 

 Guftavus offered his aid againft the emperor. Yet, as the kingdom of 

 Sweden was till then very little known in France, Francis made a ftridt 

 inquiry into its power, conftituiion, &;c. and finding fo warhke a na- 

 tion capable of being very conducive to the purpofes of France, he not 

 only agreed on a treaty of commerce between the two kingdoms, but 



peateJly engraved, is very accurate for llie age, certain thai! that the Romans introduced cherries 



and much fcperior to fome which were urau-ii af- in Britain, as I have Ihown, in the vear 54. I 



ter it. M. beheve there is no realoii to fnppofe that they 



* The cherries brought to Eng-land at thio time were ever loft. M. 

 mull have been a new Inecies. Nothing is nice 



