A. D. 1558. 125 



That fince the making of the faid ftatutes, other fovercign princes, 

 finding themfelves aggrieved with the faid ads, as thinking that the 

 fame were made to the hurt and prejudice of their country and navy, 

 have made like penal laws againft inch as fliould ftiip out of their 

 countries, in any other veflels than of their feveral countries and do- 

 ininions ; by reafon whereof there hath not only grown great dif- 

 pleafure betwixt the foreign princes and the kings of this realm, but 

 alfo the merchants have been fore grieved and endamaged. Yet 

 whereas fundry of the queen's fubjeds do frequently enter the mer- 

 chandize of aliens (liable to double duties) in their own names, 

 whereby the queen is defrauded in her revenue ; wherefore it was now 

 enaded, that whoever fhall, in time of peace, and when there is no 

 reftraint made of Engliili (liips, either embark or unlade any mer- 

 chandize (mafls, raffe, pitch, tar, and corn only excepted) out of or 

 into any foreign bottom or fliip, and whereof the mafter and the ma- 

 jor part of the failors are not Englifli fabjeds, (liall anfwer and pay 

 for the faid merchandize the like cuftom and fubfidy as aliens do.' 

 This judicious claufe in a great meafure anfwers the end propofed by 

 the navigation a6ls, now to be repealed. Another claufe was inferted 

 in favour of the two focieties of merchants-adventurers, and of the 

 merchants of the Itaple, at their feveral fleets or fliippings of cloth and 

 wool from the river Thames alone, made at mofl twice in every year : 



* That thofe two focieties m.ay lade the faid merchandize on foreigners 



* fliips, provided there be not Englifli fliips fufficient in number for 

 ' fuch embarkations, without being, for that caufe, fubjeft to aliens 



* duties.' 



' Lafily, the merchants of Brifliol having of late fuflained great lofl^es 

 ' at fca from enemies, who have taken all their befl; fliips and much 

 ' fubflance, fo as they are unable to provide fufficient fliips of their 

 ' own within the time limited for the duration of this adt (viz. five 

 ' years), if there be no Engiifh fliipping fufficient within forty miles of 

 ' Briftol, they may lade their merchandize on loji'eign fliips, without 

 ' being liable to aliens duties.' 



Several other judicious regulations and laws were made in this firft 

 year of her reigii ; as, ftatute 14, for regulating the manufadure of 

 cloth and kerfey in certain tov/ns in Efiex ; c. i^, for preventing the 

 deflruction of timber in making iron; c. 17, againfl; taking the lpav>^n 

 of lalmons, trouts, &c. at improper feafons ; which five fl;atutes, like 

 many more of her reign, were fo judicioufly framed, that they remain 

 in force at this day, though with fome few improvements and alterations. 



1559. — Mezeray acquaints us, ' that King Henry 11 of France was 

 ' the firfl: who now wore filk fl:ockings, at the marriage of his fifi:er to 

 ' the duke of Savoy : Yet,' adds he, ' till the troubles under Chai'les IX 

 ' and Kenry III, the courtiers did not ufe much filk ; but after that 



