A. D. 1597. 213 



breach with the Hanfeatics, which doubtlefs proved greatly beneficial 

 to England in the end; for the Englifh found means to get their cloths, 

 &c. imported into Germany, though not in fo open and dired; a man- 

 ner as before : and the merchant-adventurers company have obtained 

 a flourilliing refidence at the city of Hamburgh even to this day. 



From Sir William Monfon's Naval trads [printed in Churchiirs Collec- 

 tion of 'Voyages, V. iii] it appears that the earl of Cumberland was the 

 firft Englifli fubjed that built a fhip fo large as eight hundred tons bur- 

 den ; which fhip, with fome others, he now employed in an expedition 

 at his own private expenfe againfl: Spain. 



This year there was a definitive treaty concluded (at Weflminfter) 

 with the fi:ates-general of the feven United provinces, concerning the 

 payment of the money expended in their defence, being L8oo,ooo 

 Sterling by computation ; alfo for what fhould afterward be expend- 

 ed ; and moreover, for the redelivery of the cautionary towns ; alfo for 

 the ftates aflifi:ing England with thirty or forty fhips of war in cafe of 

 being attacked by Spain. All that has any immediate relation to our 

 general fubjed, is the flender burden of thofe fhips of war, fo very fhort 

 of fuch in our days, viz. the one half of them were to confifl: each of 

 200 tons burden, and the other half of betw^een 100 and 200 tons. 

 \F(xde)-a, V. xvi, p. 340 — Collecfion of treaties, V. \\, p. 120, ed. 1732.]. 



1598. — The Englifli merchants trading to Denmark complained of 

 the Danifh oflicers violently feizing their merchandize \ to which the 

 Danes replied, that thofe good*- were juftly condemned by the laws of 

 Denmark, as not having been truely entered at the cuftom-houfes, viz; 

 fkins, tin, cloth, &c. fhort entered. This fiiffnefs of the Danifh court 

 (then favouring the Spaniards) produced a fliarp remonfl^rance from the 

 queen, which procured a remillion of fo much of the confifcations as 

 amounted to 30,000 dollars : but, on the other hand, the king of Den- 

 mark demanded redrefs from Queen Elizabeth for certain piracies of 

 the Englifli on his fubjeds ; for now (lays Camden, in his Hiftory of 

 Queen Elizabeth) there began to grow controverfies about fuch matters, 

 me-ining the carrying of contraband goods, as naval ftores, &c. to the 

 Spaniards. 



The feveral trials for a north-weft paffage to China, by Hudfon's and 

 Davies's flraits, and for a north-eaft paflage on the north fide of Nova- 

 Zembla, or through the ftraits of Way,y,atz, and the annual voyages to 

 Archangel, had fo accuftomed the Enghfh to thofe boifterous feas, that 

 iovji of the Rullia con.pany now occafionaily commenced, for the firft 

 time, the filhery l-or whales near Spitzbergen, where thofe huge animals 

 are found in greater numbers than any where elie that we yet have dif- 

 covered *•, 



* Thi abundance of whales in the S<'-' ■■■ ~. ciui'.e uakno'.vn in Mr. AnJerLn>'s dine. M. 



