272 A. D. 1632. 



IV) The fhips of both contracting parties fhould give 1 0,000 livres 

 fecurity, before failing out of the refpedfive ports of France and England, 

 not to injure, nor attempt to injure, the ihips and merchandize of either 

 contrading party. 



. The other articles relate to the manner of treating prize-fhips and 

 their men. 



To this fatal treaty may be truely afcribed all the difputes we have 

 had ever fince with France concerning North America ; our king and 

 his minifters being fadly outwitted by Richlieu's fuperior dexterity. The 

 three places now delivered up to France were not, it is true, thought of 

 the fame importance then, as they are fmce found to be ; yet it was very 

 obvious, even then, to any conliderate obferver, that as thofe French 

 colonies fhould increafe in people and commerce, thofe places would be 

 of the utmoft importance to France, and very dangerous to England : 

 but more efpecially, our parting with Port-Royal and Cape Ereton is 

 never to be excufed ; as the poiTellion of them by the French gave them 

 a fair pretext for fettling on the fouth fide of the river St. Laurence, 

 and thereby gradually claiming the reft of Nova-Scotia, bordering on 

 New-England ; whereas, had the French been flriclly confined to their 

 original fettlements on the north fide of that river, the countiy is lb 

 bad, and the trade thereof fo indifferent, that before now they would 

 probably have quite abandoned them. 



Though ever fmce the Dutch had commenced hoflilities againft Spain, 

 upon the expiration of their twelve years truce in the year 1621, their 

 trade and wealth were greatly increafed, and individuals were greatly 

 enriched, in the lafl eleven years of war ; yet the province of Holland, 

 which bore the main burden of that war, was, in its coUecfhve capacity, 

 found to be in this year no lefs than fifty-five millions of guilders in 

 debt, that province alone bearing (by the original union of Utrecht) 

 fifty-eight per cent of the whole annual charge of the war. 



King Charles granted a patent for fourteen years, for the fole ufe and 

 profit of an engine for diving in the fea and other deep waters for loft 

 goods and treafure. [F^dera, V. xix, p. 365.] 



A patent was given to a phyfician, pretending to have, by long fludy 

 and great expenfe, found out the following fix whimfical iecrets, viz. 



1 ) An inltrument, which may be called the wind-mate, vei'y profit- 

 able when common winds fail, for a more fpeedy paffage of veflels be- 

 calmed on feas and rivers. 



2) The fifli-call, or a looking glafs for fiflies in the fea, very ufeful 

 for fifliermen to call all kinds of fifhes to their nets, fears, or hooks : as 

 ieveral calls are needful for fowlers to call feveral kinds of fowls or birds. 

 io their nets or fnares *. 



* Naturalifls are agreed that fifh have no organs of hearing.. 



