A. D. 1632. ^>j^ 



finding there a very large tracit of land, comniodiouily uatered with 

 many fine rivers, and not yet inhabited by any chrifi;!ans, he returned 

 to England, and reprefented to the king that the colony of Virginia 

 had not as yet occupied any lands beyond the fouth bank of Potomack 

 river ; whereupon he obtained a promile of a grant of that unplanted 

 country. But he dying before the grant was made out, his fon CcCcil, 

 lord Balilmore, took it out in his own name on the 20th of June 

 1632 ; the king himfelf namhig it Maryland, in honour of his (^leen 

 Henrietta IMaria. It is held by the lords Baltimore of the crown, in 

 free and common foccage, as of the king's honour of Windfor, on paying- 

 yearly for ever, at Windfor caftle, (if demanded) two Indian arrows : 

 by which charter this lord-proprietor has as plenary or fovereign a power 

 as any in America ; having the fole right to all quit-rents of land therein, 

 which he fliall grant out to his landholders, who however, are em- 

 powered by the crown to lay on all proper taxes, &c. in their general 

 courts, compofed of their reprefentatives, duely elected, and of the coun- 

 cil ; and the governor is always to be appointed by the proprietor with 

 the king's approbation. In other refpeds, the king has no concern 

 with the government of Maryland, any farther than relates to com- 

 merce, and to his cuftoms on merchandize, as alfo to the admiralty 

 jurifdiclion, which our kings have w^ifely retained in all our colonies in 

 America ; and with refpeci to thefe points, the governors of this and 

 uU other charter, as well as regal, colonies, are obliged to obey the 

 diredions of the king and council, as alio fuch orders as fhall from time 

 to time be fent to them from the lords commiihoners for trade and 

 plantations, fince the eredfion of that mofi: ufeful board. 



The ifland of Montferrat w\as now planted by Sir Thomas Warner, 

 governor of the neighbouring ifland of St. Chriftophers, who brought 

 a colony thither from Ireland, and was alfo appointed its firfi; governor. 

 At firfi: the planters thereof fent great quantities of indigo to England, 

 though of late years they have run almoft entirely into fugar, with fome 

 little cotton and ginger. It is about three leagues in length, and nearly 

 the fame in breadth. It has thriven extremely w^ell, and may probably 

 be inhabited by about 4500 white people, and about io,coo negro flaves. 

 It is better fuppUed with frefli water than Antigua, but has no good 

 harbours, and is fomevvhat dangerous of approach, by reafon of the 

 many rocks on its fiiores. 



This year (according to the French hiftorian of the Caribbee ifles, 

 publifiied in 1658) the Dutch Wefi;-India company firfi planted the fmall 

 ifiand of St. Eufiatia. It is the ftrongefi by nature of all thofe iflands, 

 having but one good landing place, where a few ijien may keep oft" a 

 great army ; it produces fugar, but is chiefiy ufeful to the Dutch by its 

 commodious fituation for contraband or fmuggling trade with all the 

 European colonies in its neighbourhood, being always well ftocked witli. 



