A. D, 1656, 469 



* called their fettlement New Virginia ; but becaufe they would make 

 ' it as much Dutch as they could, they had but very lately called it New 

 ' Nedderlandt, and fo named it in all their new maps *. It is com- 



* monly reported, that, by the permiflion of King James T, they had 



* granted from him, to their Hates only, a certain ifland ; called there- 



* for by them Staten (or States) ifland, on that coafl, as a watering 

 ' place for their Wefl-India fleets.' \Thurloe, V. v,p. 81.] 



From hence, it is natural to conclude that this fuppofed allowance of 

 that king (of which, however, we can nowhere find a proper evidence) 

 to water at Staten ifland, encouraged fo adventurous a people to take 

 the liberty of fettling on the neighbouring continent, from whence they 

 Were not quite expelled till the year 1667, when it was exchanged for 

 the colony of Surinam. 



The protedor and his parliament now ereded a new general pofl- 

 oiBce for the commonwealth of the three kingdoms, on much the fame 

 plan as three years before, and in the main, as till lately in our days. 

 Single letters as far as 80 miles for twopence; farther threepence; to 

 Scotland fourpence ; and double letters twice as much. Thefe regula- 

 tions were confirmed at the reftoration of King Charles II. 



The humour of reftraining the increafe of buildings in and near 

 London on new foundations, begun by Queen Elizabeth in the early 

 times of commerce, and continued in the two next reigns, was now re- 

 vived by the protestor and his parliament, by their ad: [c. 24] the preamble 

 of which runs thus : * Whereas, the great and exceflive number of houfes, 

 ' edifices, out-houfes, and cottages, ereded and new-built in and about 



* the fuburbs of the city of London, is found to be very milchievous 

 ' and inconvenient, and a great annoyance and nuifance to the com- 

 ' monwealth, &c, they now lay a duty of one year's rent on all houfes 



* and edifices ereded on new foundations in the fuburbs, or within ten 



* miles of the walls of London, fince the year 1620, not having four 

 ' acres of freehold land laid to the fame. And a fine of Lioo is alfo 

 ' hereby laid on all new edifices which fliall, from 1657, be ereded 

 ' within the faid limits, on new foundations, not having four acres laid 



* thereto, as. aforefaid. Moreover, all houfes, within the fiid limits, 

 ' fliall hereafter be built of brick or flone upright, and without butting 

 ' or jetting out into the ftreet.' Out of this ad were excepted, the build- 

 ings belonging to the feveral city hofpitals ; the earl ot Clare's new 

 market (now called Clare-market) in Clement's-inn-fields, juft then 

 built ; the flreets about Lincoln's-inn-fields, then alfo in hand ; Horfley- 

 down buildings, for the benefit of the poor of St. Olave's parifli in South- 

 "wark ; Bangor-court, in Shoe-lane, then about to be built upon the fite 

 of the bifliop of Bangor's houfe and garden, Stc. ; and all buildings be- 



• Ic is now called New- York. A. 



