514 A. D. 1664, 



I) ' The king grants to the duke and his fucceilbrs full libeny oF 

 ' trade and commerce for fuch fliips as properly belonged to liirn and 

 *.,his heirs (but not to thofe of his fubjeds) in any rivers or havens 

 ' within his raajefiY's dominions on the coafl of Guinea, for goods not 

 ' exceeding Li 2,coo in value : and he may build ftorc-houfes, under 

 ' proteftion of the king's forts there. 



TI) ' In confideraiion whereof, the duke makes over to the king his 

 ' fort of St. Andrew, on the Guinea coafl, and all his other forts there, 

 ' together with their guns and ammunition ; the duke paying 3 per cent 

 ' on all goods imported or exported. 



III) ' On the other hand, King Charles grants to the duke and his 

 ■ ' heirs the ifland of Tobago, to be enjoyed by him under the king^s 



* protedion : provided, the duke fliall fuflfer none others but the king's 



* and his own fubjeds to remain on that ifland. 



IV) ' The duke farther agrees, that neither he, nor his heirs, nor his 

 ' fubjeds, fliall export any of the produd of that ifland, nor import, 

 ' otherwife than out of, or into, fome ports belonging either to Eng- 

 ' land or to Courland, or the port of the city of Dantzick. 



V) ' And, in return for the protedion of England, whenever the 

 '■ king fliall be at war with any nation but Poland, the dukes of Cour- 

 ' land, when required, fliall, at their cofl, furnifli one good fliip of war 

 ' of 40 cannon, to be fent to fuch port as the king fliall name, for one 

 ' year at a time, to be manned, vidualled, and paid by his majefty.' 

 [General coIIcBio?! of treaties, V. iii.] 



In this year the Enghfli clergy voluntarily refigned the power, they 

 had enjoyed for fo many ages, of taxing themfelves in their own convo- 

 cation. In the troublefome times preceding the reftoration, the clergy, 

 having no proxies nor regular convocations, fubniitted to be taxed with 

 the laitv : and the court, finding that method eafier, (and perhaps too 

 bringing in a better revenue) v/as glad to accept of this refignation : and 

 fo it has continued ever fince ; whereby, however, the convocations of 

 the clergy have greatly loft their former weight with the crown. 



King Charles, on making war with the Dutch, intended to drive them 

 out of New-Nidderland and New-Belgia, (fince called New-York and 

 New-Jerfey) both which they had greatly improved. He therefor mide 

 a grant of them to the duke of York; and even fome months before 

 the formal declaration of war he fent thither Sir Robert Carr with a 

 fquadron of fliips and 3000 land forces. They landed at the entrance 

 of Jrkidfon's river, and immediately attacked the town of New-Amfler- 

 dam (now New-York) and reduced it without any difBculty, the Dutch 

 there not knowing of any rupture with England. The Englilh found 

 the houfes of that city handfomely built of brick and ftone : and its 

 fituation being on an ifland before the entrance of the river, on an high 

 land, ^t makes a beautiful appearance from the fca. It has fince been 



