A. D. 1664. 5^5 



much enlarged and improved, fo as to be juftly deemed one of the fir{l 

 cities of Britifn America. The major part of the Dutch at New- York 

 remained there, as the great number of Dutch names to be found even 

 at tliis day in that city and province fufficiently teflify ; and thofe who 

 delired to remove were permitted to take their eifeLT:s with them, the 

 province being foon repeopled with Enghfli. Fort-Orange (fince named 

 New-Albany, from the duke of York's Scottifli title) a great way up 

 Hudfon's I'iver, was foon reduced, as were alfo Staten-ifland, Long- 

 ifland, &c. And the firfh Englifh governor, Colonel Nichols, is laid to 

 have been the tirfl who concluded a league with the famous Indian na- 

 tions of the Iroquois, behind this province ; in confequence of which 

 league France, at the treaty of Utrecht, engaged to obferve peace v/itli 

 thofe Indian nations as inviolably as with the Englilh of this province, 

 which extended north-weftward into the country, for 2CO miles, to 

 Lake-Champlain, although the French afterward encroached on our ter- 

 ritory, by building forts near that lake : but its breadth on the fea-coail 

 is not above 30 miles. New-York has long been one of the mofi: proi- 

 perous colonies on that continent, which feme, in part, afcribe to thac 

 fpirit of frugality which the Dutch carried thither, and which is laid to 

 be feen amongft them in fome degree even at this day. New- York exports 

 to our fugar-iflands great quantities of flour, peas, bifket, bacon, butter, 

 pork, &c. and receives in return fugar, melalles, rum, cotton, ginger, 

 pimento, &c. and alfo Spanifli money, which pays Great Britain for all 

 the various neceflaries they receive from thence. 



The king's grant to his brother comprehending the country, fince 

 called New-Jeriey, the duke of York in the fame year re-granted part of 

 that country to Lord Berkley and Sir George Carteret, who gave it the 

 nameof New-Jerfey, or Eaftand Weft New-Jerfey, Lord Berkley aflign- 

 ed his part to William Fenn, and three others, as did afterwards Sir 

 George Carteret, to Fenn, and eleven others, in the year 1 68 1 . The for- 

 iner aflignees alfo fold many (hares to the earl of Ferth, Sir George 

 Mackenzie, and many other Scots : and many of the Scots being foon 

 after perfecuted for their religious opinions, went and fettled there ; 

 and, amongil: others, the famous Mr. Robert Barclay, (who might not 

 unfitly be termed the apofl;le of the quakers) went thither as governor, 

 with his family. In 1683 Lord Neil Campbell, fon of the marquis of 

 Argyle, fucceeded him as governor of Ealt-Jerfey : fo that New-Jerfey 

 continued to be two feparate proprietary governments till 1702, when, 

 as will be feen in due time, they were united under one regal govern- 

 ment. 



Colbert, the able minificr of France, now began to put in execution 

 his deep-laid fchemes for the advancement of the commerce, manufac- 

 tures, and naval power, of that kingdom, the foundation whereot had 

 been laid by the great Richlieu. For thatpurpofe he granted number- 



3T2 



