346 THE BIRDS OF HELIGOLAND 



note, too, is much more like that of the former than that of the 

 latter species ; while its eggs also in a high degree resemble some 

 of those of the Tree Pipit, but have nothing in common with 

 those of the Meadow Pipit. It is distinguished, however, from both 

 these species by the almost black broad central marking of the 

 largest pair of the under tail-coverts, which in the other species 

 in question are of a uniform whitish rust-colour. The breeding 

 range of this Pipit extends from Finmark to Kamtschatka ; Von 

 Middendorff found it on the Boganida in 71 N. latitude. 



157. Tree Pipit [BAUMPIEPER]. 

 ANTHUS AKBOREUS, Brisson. 1 



Heligolandish : Pie-Harrofs. Name onomatopoeic, after the call-note. 



Anthus arboreus. Naumann, iii. 758. 



Tree Pipit. Dresser, iii. 309. 



Pipit des buissons. Temminck, Manuel, i. 271, iii. 194. 



This is one of the few birds which have attempted to breed 

 here ; unfortunately the attempt was unsuccessful, for the nest with 

 four eggs of the type with brown spots like burnt marks, was des- 

 troyed by cats ; it had been placed against a large tuft of grass in 

 the middle of a large hedged-in grass-plot, about a hundred paces 

 in diameter, which adjoins my garden, and was protected against 

 every possible disturbance by human hand. 



This bird is a common migratory species in Heligoland, but it 

 never makes its appearance until really warm weather has set in, 

 usually not until about the end of April, being in such cases a daily 

 visitor throughout May. It begins to pass through on its return 

 passage about the middle of August, and up to the last week in 

 September, in large numbers. During both periods of migration it 

 is accompanied regularly by the Ortolan Bunting. 



This species breeds very numerously in central and northern 

 Europe and Asia, from the Pyrenees to Kamtschatka, but does not 

 advance beyond the Polar Circle, except in places here and there. 



1 Anthus trivialis (Linn. ). 



