Paleozoic Corals and Foraminifera. § 
Cyathophyllum dianthoides (M‘Coy). 
Sp. Char. Corallum very proliferous, forming wide conical groups; 
individual cones rapidly expanding, averaging one-third (or less) 
longer than wide, concentrically wrinkled and with obsolete 
longitudinal striz externally ; terminal cup very deep with 
either a sharp or truncated edge, and containing from 96 
to 100 (as it approaches one imch in diameter) very thin, 
erenulated radiating lamell, alternately longer and shorter : 
vertical section shows less than one-third the diameter on each 
side occupied by minute vesicular tissue, the rows of cells ex- 
tending obliquely upwards and outwards; the broad middle 
part is occupied by close, thick, transverse diaphragms. From 
eight to sixteen young cones take their origin from the inner 
part of the margin of favourably situated parent-cups, thus 
forming compound masses 3 inches or more in diameter, adult 
cones averaging 1} inch long. 
This is closely allied to the C. dianthus, Gold. (truncatus, Linn.), 
and the compound examples of C. turbinatum (Linn. and Gold.), 
- but is distinguished from the first by its wide, rapidly expanding 
cones, and from both by the lamelle being distinctly of two al- 
ternating sizes, much thinner and greatly more numerous. 
Common in the carboniferous limestone of Arnside, Kendal. 
(Col. University of Cambridge.) 
Cyathophyllum paracida (M‘Coy). 
Sp. Char. Corallum of slender cones averaging half an inch wide 
at mouth and 12 inch long (generally somewhat smaller), 
straight or variously bent, and sometimes irregularly coales- 
cing so as to form loose irregular masses ; three or four young 
cones take their origin from within the margin of the parent 
eell, which they smother by their growth: internal structure, 
centre occupied by broad slightly undulated transverse dia- 
phragms, four-fifths the width of the tubes ; narrow outer area 
occupied by thirty-two equal, narrow, radiating lamelle, va- 
riously connected by small, curved, vesicular plates ; outer sur- 
face faintly striated longitudinally. 
Allied to the C. cespitosum and C. quadrigeminum of the older 
rocks, but the branches are not so long and cylindrical as in the 
first, nor so short or laterally united as in the latter ; the number 
of the lamellze and character of the narrow lamelliferous zone, and 
the very wide, distinct transverse diaphragms will serve to dis- 
criminate even fragments of the species. 
Not uncommon in the carboniferous limestone of Derbyshire. 
(Col. University of Cambridge.) . 
