Paleozoic Corals and Foraminifera. 13 
them ; the outer area composed of small, irregular, curved ve- 
sicular plates, forming an irregular cellulose texture : vertical 
section, the central axis of close, spirally and conically twisted 
lamine ; inner area of one row of distant, delicate, irregular, 
curved transverse plates forming very open cells ; outer area 
defined from the inner, formed of loose irregular cellular tissue, 
of large, slightly-curved vesicular plates, extending obliquely 
upwards and outwards. 
This species is much less irregularly wrinkled than the L. du- 
plicata (Mart. sp.), forms shorter and more widely turbinated 
masses, and is distinguished externally at a glance by the lateral 
branches expanding rapidly from their point of attachment to a 
conical form, while in the L. duplicata the lateral branches re- 
tain their original small diameter for a great length (increasing 
at about the rate of 4 lines in 3 inches), and present a strange 
contrast to the parent stem, as is faithfully shown in the rough 
figure of Martin. 
In the red carboniferous limestone of Arnside, Kendal ; also 
near Bakewell, Derbyshire, in the limestone of the same age. 
(Col. University of Cambridge.) 
Lonsdaleia rugosa (M‘Coy). 
Sp. Char. Branches 6 or 7 lines in diameter, elongate-conic, ex- 
ceedingly rugose with large transverse irregular undulations 
and funnel-shaped irregularities of growth, crossed by coarse, 
obtuse longitudinal striz (four in the space of 2 lines) ; young 
lateral branches small, continuing very slender for a consider- 
able length ; terminal cups deep, with’a prominent compressed 
axis in the centre, middle portion with strong radiating lamelle, - 
which, as they approach the margin, become fainter and united 
into a network by strong interstitial vesicular plates: hori- 
zontal section, central axis 2 lines wide, of close, fine, compli- 
cated laminz, crossed by one thick mesial plate; axis sur- 
- rounded by an area 5 lines wide, of about forty-two equal ra- 
diating lamelle, with very few and delicate transverse vesi- 
cular plates ; ; outer area partially radiated by delicate prolon- 
gations of the radiating lamelle, with numerous strong curved 
vesicular plates: vertical section shows a thick solid line indi- 
cating the centre of the axis (and corresponding to the mesial 
line through the axis of the cross section), from which the 
delicate, thin, close, complicated lamin of the axis diverge 
downwards, but pass gradually into the larger and more hori- 
zontal cellular tissue of the second area ; this latter is separated 
by a definite line from the outer area, which is of smaller 
cellular tissue, composed of small, curved, vesicular plates ex- 
tending obliquely upwards and outwards. 
