Zoological Society. 71 
to the prominent nasal bones of Man made by any known species of 
ape—is as well-marked in the female Troglodytes Savagei as in the 
male. The lower half of the coalesced nasals in Troglodytes Savaget 
is expanded and nearly flat, of an oval form, with the border forming 
the upper part of the nostril emarginate on each side of a median, 
sometimes bifid, point. Thus the lateral border of the nasal bone 
describes a strong sigmoid curve, convex outwards in its lower two- 
thirds, in Troglodytes Savagei; in the less expanded nasal bone of 
Troglodytes niger the same border is usually concave outwards, or 
very slightly convex outwards at the lower third; and the outer 
surface of the bone is flat or equably and very slightly convex. The 
greater breadth of the lower end of the nasal with the expansion of 
the upper ends of the premaxillaries, gives a different form to the 
external nostril in the Troglodytes Savagei to that which it presents 
in Troglodytcs niger: in this it is ovate or cordate with the narrow 
end upwards; in the larger species it is a wide ellipsoid, almost as 
broad above as below. 
The alveolar portion of the premaxillaries in Troglodytes Savagei 
was absolutely shorter than in Troglodytes niger, and therefore 
much shorter relatively, and to that extent the skull of the larger 
species is less ‘prognathic.’ ‘The zygomatic processes were not 
only absolutely as well as relatively stronger and deeper than in 
Troglodytes niger, but differently shaped; the squamosal portion 
rising in an angular form in Troglodytes Savagei, and being as deep 
as the malar portion. ‘The temporal fosse are relatively as weil as 
absolutely wider; for whilst the zygomatic arches are more expanded, 
the diameter of the intervening postorbital part of the cranium is the 
same in the male Trogl. Savagei as in the Trogl. niger. There is a 
distinct hemispheric mastoid process in the male Troglodytes Savagei. 
The spheno-maxillary fissure is narrower and less bent in Troglodytes 
Savagei than in Troglodytes niger, in which it more nearly resembles 
that of Man. The supraorbital ridges were even proportionally more 
developed in the larger than in the smaller species of chimpanzee, 
and send down a vertical prominence to the root of the nasal bones. 
The outer and lower borders of the orbits, and the whole malar bones 
are more prominent and tumid, and, with the enormous sagittal and 
lambdoidal crests and zygomatic arches, give a scowling and dia- 
bolical physiognomy even to dry bones of the head of this most for- 
midable of the great Anthropoid apes. 
In the skull of the female of the Troglodytes Savagei in which 
the canine teeth show the same sexual inferiority of size as in the 
female Troglodytes niger, the molar teeth present the same superior 
degree of development and complexity, especially the last molar, as 
in the male of the larger species, and have demanded a concomitant 
increase of bulk of the temporal muscles ; and consequently not only 
are the zygomatic arches relatively stronger, but the temporal ridges, 
instead of being separated as shown in an aged skull of the female 
Troglodytes niger in the museum of the College of Surgeons, by a 
smooth tract of more than an inch in breadth, come into contact 
at the beginning of the sagittal suture, and are so continued back- 
wards with a narrow groove between them, to the lambdoidal crest. 
