Prof. Reid on the Vogmarus Islandicus. 461 
ilary bone, the lower jaw, the vomer, the superior pharyngeal 
bones, and the processes of the branchial arches*. 
Abdomen.—On opening the abdomen the digestive tube pre- 
sented the appearance of being nearly straight throughout its 
whole length, but on proceeding with the dissection it was found 
that a loop of intestine about 20 inches in length was overlapped 
by a mass of ceca (pyloric ceca), which extended between 9 and 
10 inches along the lower edge of the stomach and cesophagus, 
and was tied closely to these by folds of peritoneum, except at its 
anterior portion. This mass of ceca measured about ;%ths of an 
inch in height and ;4ths of an inch in breadth at its thickest 
part. On tracing the digestive tube onwards from the back part 
of the mouth in a straight course for about 13 inches we arrived at 
the pyloric portion of the stomach (Pl. XVI. fig. 1 a) projecting 
from its lower edge, forming a process or diverticulum about {ths 
of an inch in height and the same in length ; and was overlapped 
and hid from view by the posterior extremity of the mass of 
ceca. The stomach was prolonged backwards beyond the pyloric 
portion for 2} inches, gradually becoming narrower, terminating 
in a point, and forming a cul de sac (fig. 1b). The breadth of 
this first portion of the digestive tube, measured before it was 
opened, was about }9ths of an inch at the anterior part and ;8,ths 
of an inch immediately above the pyloric portion of the stomach. 
At its commencement at the back part of the mouth it was nar- 
row and only admitied the passage of the little finger, but imme- 
diately below this it became wider and measured 2 inches across 
when slit open. It very gradually became narrower as it pro- 
ceeded backwards, and immediately above the pyloric portion of 
the stomach it measured 1} inch across. There was however no 
distinctly defined dilated portion at the anterior part to which 
the name of pharynx could be given, and there was no distinct 
line of demarcation between the cesophagus and stomach. The 
walls of the stomach and cesophagus were of the same thickness, 
with the exception of a slight thickening of the pyloric portion, 
and there was no marked difference in the appearance of the 
mucous membrane, to the unaided eye, in these parts. The 
mucous membrane was thrown into nine longitudinal folds, part 
of which were continued into the pyloric, and the rest into the 
cul de sac of the stomach. These longitudinal folds were very 
prominent in the narrow commencement of the digestive tube, 
* I think it right to state, that after I had examined the external cha- 
racters of this animal, circumstances prevented me from proceeding with its 
dissection for several months, and it was preserved during that time in a 
solution of bay-salt, alum, and corrosive sublimate (Goadby’s solution). 
Several representations of it were taken by the caleotype process, soon after 
it came into my possession, by Dr. John Adamson. 
