HARDY SHRUBS. 171 



almost certainly provide correct conditions for an attacls of mildew— a 

 fungus which in a short period, if allowed to grow unchecked, will ruin 

 the plants. When mildew makes its appearance, sulphur applied to the 

 steam or hot water pipes is the best antidote. Aphides are best checked 

 by vaporizing. American Beauty, as already stated, is a hybrid per- 

 petual, and when cultivated under glass it is an ever-bloomer. It is 

 grown in a slightly warmer atmosphere than the Teas, and is often very 

 successfully cultivated in solid beds. Medium-sized wood should be 

 chosen for the cuttings, and these made with two eyes. They should 

 be planted out of 4-inch pots. 



Propagation by Grafting— There seems to be a difference of opinion 

 as to the benefits to be derived from this method of propagation, but 

 each grower may settle it for himself by giving it a trial. The stocks 

 should be prepared by potting in 3-inch pots; in thickness they should 

 correspond as near as possible with that of the cion — the cion should 

 never be of a greater diameter than that of the stock. Any of the com- 

 mon methods of grafting will answer. The cion should be securely 

 fastened in position with raffia. As soon as tying is completed, it is 

 necessary that the plants be kept in a suitable atmosphere to preserve 

 the leaves of the cions so that the union may be hastened. In grafting 

 hybrids this is not so necessary, as they can be handled without leaves. 

 A brisk heat under the plunging material will quicken the action of the 

 roots and effect a union safely without the aid of a frame; but with 

 Teas it is necessary to have them in an almost air-tight structure. If 

 only a few hundred are to be experimented with, part of a side bench 

 may be set apart for the purpose of receiving the grafted plants, and 

 may be prepared as follows: Have the front and back boards higher 

 than the plants. Ordinary sash laid lengthwise of the bench will suit 

 all right, provided they can be arranged so as to keep the atmosphere 

 warm and humid. To facilitate easy access to the plants the sash may 

 be temporarily hinged on to the back boards with pieces of leather, and 

 the sash tilted in front with a stick. Select a stretch of bench that can 

 be relied upon to supply a temperature of from 70 to 80 degrees inside 

 of the frame. First put a layer of sphagnum on the bench — one inch 

 closely packed will do. Over this put some ashes, or sand, on which to 

 stand the pots. The other conditions necessary for a quick union will 

 readily sugest themselves, air being given very gradually after the union 

 has taken place. When hardened off, growth will be accelerated by a 

 shift into larger pots. 



Summer Roses — According to locality May, June and July is the 

 period during which the Summer Roses bloom. They are known as 

 Ayrshire, Prairie, Austrian, Moss, Provence (Cabbage or Centifolia), Mul- 

 tiflora. Hybrid Sweet Briars, Hybrid China, Musk and Hybrid Wichu- 

 raiana. Bennett's Seedling is a well-known representative of the Ayr- 

 shire class. Among the Prairie Roses Baltimore Belle and Queen of the 

 Prairies are old but grand kinds, splendidly adapted as climbers; they 

 are very hardy and late in blooming. The Austrian Briars are among 

 the earliest to flower; they form good-sized bushes and require little 

 attention in the way of pruning. Austrian Copper has large, single 

 flowers of a brilliant coppery-red on the upper surfaces of the petals; 



