22 FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDEN. 



rioritj of this aspect is supported are far from being 

 satisfactory. The east and west walls are commonly 

 placed at right angles to that already mentioned, but 

 they may follow the shape of the ground, and if this 

 slope to th« south, they descend with the declivity. 

 The south inclosure wall affords on the outside a valu- 

 able aspect to the south, which is deserving of particular 

 attention, the finest fruit being often, here produced. 

 It is presumed that all the walls are to be covered, 

 both within and without, with trees trained en espalier. 



Different portions of the inclosure wall are always 

 built of different heights, and this variation of height is 

 the more necessary when the ground approaches to a 

 level. In such a situation, and when the inclosure does 

 not exceed two acres, the north wall may rise to the ele- 

 vation of 14 feet ; the walls on the east and west may 

 be two feet lower, and the south wall need not exceed 

 10 feet. In larger gardens, the walls are generally made 

 proportionally higher: on the north, perhaps 16 feet, on 

 the east and west 14,^ and on the south 12. In several 

 excellent Scottish gardens, planned by the late Mr. Hay, 

 such as that at Castle Semple, a piece of building is 

 made to project diagonally outwards from the corners 

 where the walls meet at right angles. This projection 

 is 16 or 17 feet in length. It serves to strengthen the 

 fabric, and, at the same time, acts as a hrise-vent^ break- 

 ing the force of the winds which sweep around walled 

 gardens. 



Walls inclined to the horizon have been recommended 

 by Desaguliers, Hoffels, and others; but, independently 

 of the theoretical objections which might be urged 

 against them, and which, in actual practice, would. pro- 

 bably counterbalance their supposed advantages, they 



