TRAINING. 



55 



they must be cut short, a tete de satdc is inevitable. It 

 would be better to adopt the modification of the fan 

 shape used for stone fruits (Fig. 9); to establish a cer- 



Fii 



tain number of mother branches, ^nd on these to form 

 a series of subordinate members, chiefly composed of 

 bearing wood. The mother bran,ches Or limbs should 

 not be numerous, but well marked, equal in strength, 

 and regularly disposed'. The side hranches should be 

 pretty abundant, short, and not so vigorous as to rival 

 the leading members. To insure regularity, training 

 should commence with maiden plants, or such as have 

 only one year's growth from the graft ; leaders of equal 

 strength should be selected, and encouraged to grow 

 out longitudinally as much as possible, and all crowding 

 among the inferior shoots should be prevented* In 

 riders, this form passes into the stellar arrangement. 

 The French have made considerable improvements in 

 this mode of training, some of which will be noticed 

 under the article Peach. 



Intermediate between horizontal and fan-training is 

 the haJf-fan, described in the first volume of the Cale- 



