5Q FRUIT GARDEN. 



donian Horticultural Society's Memoirs, by Mr. Smith, 

 gardener at Hopetoun-House, and practiced by him 

 with great success. It is nearly allied to the horizon- 

 tal form, but the branches form an acute angle with the 

 stem, and this disposition is supposed to favor the equal 

 distribution of the sap. In the winter pruning, three 

 and sometimes four central branches are cut back ; the 

 shoots which arise from these are arranged in the fan 

 order, and, as they elongate, are gradually brought into 

 the horizontal position. The tree is finished at top as 

 in the horizontal form. Sometimes, as in Fig. 10, two 

 vertical stems are adopted. For vigorous trees, this 

 figure seems to combine the advantages of both the 

 foregoing varieties. 



Fig. 10. 



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The choice of particular modes of training is too often 

 determined by mere fashionable prejudice, which leads 

 to the application of the same form to all sorts of trees. 

 Thus the French are apt to reduce everything to the 

 fan system, while some English horticulturists are in- 

 clined to force trees of the most rambling growth into 

 the pillory of a horizontal arrangement. Such a uni- 



