GRAPE-VINE. 79 



very convenient, by some of the most distinguished 

 practical horticulturists in Scotland — Mr. Macdonald 

 at Dalkeith, Mr. Smith at Hopetoun, and Mr. Shiels at 

 Erskine. It seems proper, therefore, to describe mi- 

 nutely the mode of performing the operation. 



The distinctive feature of the method is, that it avoids 

 the usual mode of grafting vines by approach, with all 

 its inconvenient restraints, and substitutes a simple 

 scheme of grafting by detached cions. The following 

 are the directions given by Mr. Gowans himself, which 

 will be rendered plain by looking at the annexed sketch: 



Fi^. 11. 



*' Select a cion with one eye, and cut it in the form 

 of a wedge. For a stock, select a shoot h of the pre- 

 ceding year, about the same thickness as the cion, and 

 cut it over a little above the second eye from the old 

 wood. With a sharp knife cut it down the centre nearly 

 to the old wood. Out of the centre, pare with a pen- 

 J^nife as much as is necessary to make it fit the cuts on 

 the side of the cion. Then insert the cion a with its 

 eye opposite to that on the top of the stock. Tie it up 

 and clay it over in the usual manner, with this differ- 

 ence, that you cover nearly the whole of the cion with 



