PEARS. 127 



the south-west of England, and even in the environs of 

 London, while it requires a south wall near Edinburgh. 



• 1. Earlij. 



Citron des Carmes, L. Kort. Oat., 190 ; 31acleleme, 

 Lind., p, 344; in Scotland often called the Premature. 

 This is the earliest pear; it ripens in July, acquiring 

 a yellowish-green color ; it is sweet, but without much 

 flavor. One tree, or at most two trees, may suflBce. 

 It requires in the English climate a sheltered situation. 



The Green Ohisel, called also the Hastings, Pear 

 James, or Green Sugar. This is not a first-rate pear; 

 but the tree is hardy and a great bearer. It ripens in 

 August. 



The Summer Hose. — A handsome round pear, of a 

 russety-red color, much resembling an apple, flesh 

 white, rich and sugary. This is an excellent variety, 

 succeeds on a standard, and ripens in August. 



The Bishop's Thumb is a hardy orchard pear of good 

 quality, and the tree ^is a free bearer. The fruit con- 

 siderably res^embles the muirfowl egg, but is earlier. 



The Jargonelle of Britain is the Grosse Cuisse Ma- 

 dame of French horticultural writers, and the Epargne 

 and Baupresent of Erench practical gardeners. This 

 is the most common and most esteemed of our early 

 autumn pears. Against a wall the fruit attains a 

 large size and a beautiful appearance ; but it is not of 

 so high a flavor as from standards or espalier rails. 

 The fruit does not keep well, and the tree should 

 therefore be planted in various situations to prolong 

 its season, as it is rather difiQcult, when it disappears, 

 immediately to supply its place in the dessert. Beau- 

 tiful dwarf trees may be formed by grafting on the 



