114 Mr. J. Morris on recent and fossil Cycadece. 



squamosa, glauca, and angulata, are natives of China, India, 

 Japan, the Molucca Islands and New Holland. 



The nine species of Zamia, viz. Z. angustifolia, tenuis, me- 

 dia, debilis, integrifolia, pijgmcea, furfuracea, muricata and 

 pumila, are confined to the new world ; their native habitats 

 being the West Indies and the tropical regions of continental 

 America. 



The fifteen species of Encephalartos, viz. E. jyungens, cyca- 

 difolia, tridentata, longifolia, Caffra, lanuginosa, Lehmannis, 

 Cy cadis, horrida, latifoUa, sjnralis, prunifera, repanda, Frede- 

 rici Guliehni and Altensteinii, belong to Southern Afi-ica, only 

 one species being found in New Holland*. 



Fossil Cycade.e. 



Dr. Buckland, in the ^ Geological Transactions,' first called 

 the attention of geologists to the fossil stems of this family 

 from the Isle of Portland, the analogy of which was pointed 

 out by Mr. Brown ; remains of the fronds had however been 

 previously described by Count Sternberg in his ' Flora der 

 Vorwelt,' and Ad. Brongniart also noticed them as occurring 

 at Hoer in Swedenf; the most abundant locality at the pre- 

 sent time are the shales belonging to the oolitic series of York- 

 shire : whether all the remains usually associated with this 

 family really belong to it, may be difficult to decide, as many 

 of them present characters very different from the existing 

 species, which do not at the same time assimilate them to any 

 other living genera. Ad. Brongniart, an authority on these 

 subjects, has considered most of the simple pinnate fronds 

 with parallel venation to belong to Cycadeae ; but it is much to 

 be regretted, that the portion of his work {' Hist. desVeg. Foss/) 

 which would comprehend this family is not yet published, so 

 that we might have the full benefit of a continuation of the 

 same masterly observations which have thrown so much light 

 on the fossil Cryptogamia. 



The classification in the following catalogue will be nearly 

 the same as that adopted by most authors on this subject. 



* The following observations are extracted from Lindley and Hutton 

 (' Fossil Flora,' ii. p- 122), respecting the geographical position of Encepha- 

 lartos. " They are not met with at Cape Town, where they would be ex- 

 posed to the cold winds from the southern polar regions, but first appear far 

 in the interior of the country, in the land of the Caffers, where the common 

 Cape Flora of Proteas and Heaths is replaced by strikingly different races 

 of plants. They prefer mountainous and wooded or bushy country, follow- 

 ing the ranges of hills, but not straggling into the plains. They are generally 

 met with in rocky places, almost 2000 feet above the level of the sea, higher 

 than the region of Mimosas, and suri'ounded by bushes, arborescent succu- 

 lent plants, Rhamnese, Celastrinea?, and shrubby Leguminous species." 



"t" Ann. des Sc. Nat. tom. iv. 



