156 Miscellaneous. 



Fourth species. — Body of a lengthened ovoid form ; its anterior 

 and posterior parts furnished with vibrating cilia ; movements slow ; 

 length j\yth of a millimetre, breadth (/^yth. 



Fifth species. — Form spheroidal ; vibrating cilia over the entire 

 surface of the body ; rotatory movements rapid ; joth. of a millime- 

 tre in diameter. 



Sivih sjyecies. — This animalcule has some degree of resemblance 

 to the form of the heart of certain tortoises ; carapace flattened and 

 having three notches or indentations, two of which are furnished 

 with bundles formed of large vibrating cilia ; breadth yjth of a mil- 

 limetre. 



Seventh species. — A monad of the j^oth of a millimetre. The more 

 or less hard and moulded alimentary matters contained in the latter 

 portion of the contracted colon and in the rectum furnish nothing 

 but the carapaces of all these animalcules. 



3. The Dog has in its stomach two sjiecies of Monads. 



First species. — Body pyrifonn, ending in a little tail ; the u])per 

 surface of the body convex, the under flattened ; movements very 

 brisk ; length yg-y ths of a millimetre, breadth yj^y th. 



Second species. — Body filiform ; the to-and-fro movements per- 

 formed slowly ; length Tjyoth of a milHmetre. The duodenum and 

 the anterior third of the middle region of the narrow bowel contain 

 some of these monads. The last third portion, the jejunum, the 

 caecum, the colon and the rectum, do not furnish any. 



4. The Pig has but one species of animalcule in its stomach; 

 form flattened, oval ; the hinder part ending in a conical tail ; the 

 thin edges of the body furnished with vibrating cilia ; movements 

 very brisk ; length y^^yths of a millimetre, breadth yj^jjth. This ani- 

 malcule greatly resembles the Monadina of Ehrenberg. 



The small intestines do not contain any of them. 



5. The animalcules of digestion are born, live and swim in the 

 acid liquid contained in the stomach. By placing the stomachal 

 matters in glass tubes kept at a constant temperature of from 30° to 

 35° centigrade, they may be kept alive for two or three hours, and 

 more. 



6. The very great number of these animalcules in the first two 

 stomachs of ruminants, the presence of their empty carapaces in the 

 third, in the fourth, and in the excremental matters, their equally 

 great number in the cfecum and dilated colon of the horse, as also 

 the existence of their empty carapaces in the contracted colon and 

 rectum, lead us to conclude that the organic matter of these ani- 

 malcules is digested in the fourth stomach of the ruminants, that it 

 is absorbed in the contracted colon of the horse, and tb.at in both 

 bowels it supplies an animal matter for digestion, 



7. The consequence, then, of this fact is, that although the her- 

 bivorous animals, as the sheep and the horse, in a state of nature, 

 take only vegetable matters into their stomachs, nearly a fifth part 

 of these matters is destined to give birth and sustenance to a great 

 number of animals of inferior development, which, digested in their 

 turn, will contribute some animal matter to the general nutrition of 



