138 Asiatic Society. 
Gulf of Cambay ; more particularly on a Gigantic Ruminant, having 
some affinities to the Sivatherium and the Giraffe.” After adverting 
to former notices of fossils obtained on this island, the writer de- 
scribed its situation in the midst of the gulf-stream of Cambay, 
which separates it from the main land, and deposits large quantities 
of alluvium brought down by the rivers emptying themselves into it. 
These rivers, in the present day, in the freshes, transport into the 
Gulf large trees, and the bodies of oxen, deer, bears, and other ani- 
mals; and in the great floods of past ages are considered to have 
brought down and deposited, as now discovered, the remains of rumi- 
nants and Pachydermata, some extinct and unheard-of, others having, 
in the present day, their living congeners in the Indian rivers. The 
bed from which the writer obtained the fossil specimens exhibited is 
below the usual water-mark, and inaccessible except at the ebb of 
spring-tides. A portion only of those obtained were brought to 
England, the remainder were left in India. The most remarkable of 
those in this country was a large skull, which is now, by competent 
judges, pronounced to be the first specimen of anew genus. The 
mass of conglomerate which contained it weighed about 170 lbs., and 
the separation of the skuli from near 100 lbs. of matrix occupied Mr. 
Bettington many weeks. The skull, on the whole, is well-preserved, 
though a portion has suffered from the action of water. The lines 
of teeth on the two sides of the palate are unconformable ; and it has 
been conjectured that the head must at this part have suffered from 
violence, but there is no appearance of fracture. For the purposes of 
comparison, Mr. Bettington had made a close measurement of every 
part of the Perim fossil, of the Sivatherium, and of the skull of the 
adult giraffe in the British Museum ; from all which it appeared that 
the Perim fossil is the smaller. The teeth are similar in number and 
character to those of the Sivatherium, and are somewhat smaller, as 
the comparative size of the heads would lead us to expect A marked 
distinction between the two is found in the excess in width of the 
cranium at the vertex, being in the Sivatherium twenty-two inches, 
and in the Perim fossil little more than eleven inches, in which cha- 
racter the latter approaches nearer to the giraffe. But the greatest 
point of difference is in the form and position of the horns. In the 
Sivatherium the horns bear somewhat the same relation to each other 
as in the four-horned antelope; whereas, in the fossil under consi- 
deration, the anterior horns rise from a confluent base measuring 
twenty-five inches, the horns above the line of division measuring 
eighteen inches. ‘This formation the writer considers to be without 
precedent in the animal kingdom, fossil or recent. The general 
character, cancellar structure, and extensive development of the pro- 
tuberance at the lower edge of the transverse ridge of the occiput, 
compel the conviction that it was a posterior horn, “reflected” as in 
the common Indian butfalo, and must have produced an appearance 
truly monstrous. The whole formation indicates great force and 
power. Among the other fossils, there were some identical with 
those of the Sevalik hills, and others peculiar, as yet, to Perim. 
Among the latter was a new Crocodilean. There were specimens of 
