464 Botanical Notices from Java. 
a useful fuel. In the whole circuit of this small headland (or less 
steep acclivity) the trees were barren and killed by the former ac- 
tion of fire. Our Kapola Gunong told me, that he had fired them 
on a former journey. 
Ata short distance eastward of this spot, one of the deep clefts in 
the rock, which are generally dry and only after rain form thunder- 
ing torrents, descends the mountain. On the steep mountain-wall 
which rises on the other side of the cleft, I noticed the last tree- 
ferns; I also still saw here Melastoma malabaricum, L.,—a shrub 
which occurs in similar luxuriance on the sea-shore. The small 
stems of the angring-tree are here already very slender and narrow, 
hung with Usnee and divided above into slender twigs, between 
which the transparent loose foliage expands. 
The height above Djocjokarta amounts to 5231 feet; the thermo- 
meter stood at 64° F.,a temperature at which the Japanese trembled 
and shook with cold; but after they had warmed themselves by the 
fire, they were merry again, to which some opium and brandy, which 
last they do not despise in the cold climate, contributed. They 
boiled some coffee, ate rice, and urged me, after I had put in order 
the plants I had collected, to continue our journey at once. I 
agreed, and all arose with renewed strength. 
The angring-trees became gradually smaller, and in a short time 
we lost them altogether. But there still grew here small young 
shrubs of the Acacia montana (the Kamalandingan of the Japanese), 
for a short distance higher up, and then they also disappeared to 
make place for another beautiful and very peculiar vegetation, which 
gives to the barren rocky mountain-walls a more northern aspect. 
This consists in small bushes, a few feet high, which take root in 
the clefts of the rocks, and some of which appeared also lower down 
in the woods, but only isolated, whilst here they are the only plants 
which cover the gray rock with an uninterrupted clothing. Most 
prominent is a Gnaphalium with pale blossoms (G. javanicum, Bl.?), 
and the Gaultheria punctata, Bl., from whose sweet-smelling leaves 
the Japanese prepare an oil which fetches a high price in the mar- 
ket. With these are associated Polygonum paniculatum, Bl., Thi- 
baudia varingiefolia, Bl.*, Hypericum javanicum, Bl., Rhododendron 
tubiflorum, Bl., with scarlet umbelliform flowers, and several other 
Ericacee. Gaultheria repens, Bl., whose black berries my compa- ° 
nions ate, and several species of Lycopodium, clothe the rocks luxu- 
riantly, from which they often hang down in festoons; out of their 
clefts, filled with Orthotrichum and other mosses, grows plentifully 
the Polypodium vulcanicum, Bl., whilst a crust-like lichen witha yel- 
lowish thallus and reddish apothecia covers the smoother parts. 
Continuing to climb, we soon came to the heights of the ridge, 
where boulders of stone of all sizes lie strewn about, only imper- 
* Thibaudia varingiefolia, Bl. The normal form of the leaves is ellip- 
tico- (broad-) lanceolate. But they pass over (generally on one and the 
same bush) into the elongate- (narrow-) lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, obo- 
vate, and even into the cuneiform; nor is the hairiness of the calyx more 
constant (7. floribunda, Varingiefolia cuneifolia, and mystoides, Bl.). 
