as distinguished f 7- om the Symplocacese. 127 



Styrax and Foveolaria {Strigilia) could not be separated from 

 one another, and that both ought to be excluded from the Me- 

 liacea, although still allied to it : he thus acceded to the opinion 

 generally entertained of the close affinity of these two genera, 

 without bestowing further attention on them. 



Lindley (in 1836), in his ' Introduction to Botany,' p. 228, fol- 

 lowing the example of Richard, united Styrax, Foveolaria, and 

 Halesia, together with Symplocos and Hopea in the Styracecs, 

 as a suborder of the Ebenacece. 



G. Don (in 1837), adopting his brother's example, made three 

 distinct families of the Styracea of former authors ; viz. Symplo- 

 cinea (Diet. iv. p. 1) for the single genus SympJocos, Styracea 

 {ib. p. 3) for Styrax alone, and Halesiacece {ib. p. 6) for Halesia 

 only. 



Endlicher (in 1838), on the other hand, considered Symplocea, 

 Styracea, and Halesiacece merely as distinct suborders of the 

 EbenaceiP. 



Bentham (in 1838), in a memoir published in the 18th vol. of 

 the 'Linu. Soc. Trans.,' discussed the characters and affinities of 

 Symplocos, Alstonia, and Hopea, and considered that these genera, 

 together with Styrax, Foveolaria, and Halesia, constitute the 

 distinct order Styracece, which perhaps might be held to be only 

 a tribe of the Ebenacece : his valuable remarks were, however, con- 

 fined merely to observations upon the differences existing in the 

 calyx, corolla, and stamens, seemingly without having directed his 

 attention to the great dissimilarity in the relative structures of 

 the ovary and seed in these genera. He considered the affinity 

 of the Styracece to be immediately wuth Ebenacece among Mono- 

 petalece, also tending directly towards Humiriacece, in the next 

 instance to Meliacece, and perhaps with Aurantiacece and Olaca- 

 cece, among Polypetalece. 



Professor A. DeCandolle (1844), in his 'Prodromus' (viii. 

 244), described the Styracece as a family distinct from Ebenacece, 

 dividing it into three groups : — 1 . Symplocece, for Symplocos 

 only; 2. Styracece, for Styrax, Pterostyrax, and Halesia; 3. 

 Pamphiliece, for Pamphilia and Foveolaria. 



Professor Lindley (in 1845) entirely followed the views of 

 DeCandolle (Veg. Kingdom, p. 593) ; but in his last edition of 

 that work (1853), without expressing any opinion of his own, he 

 there annexed the arguments, and by figures illustrated the facts, 

 which I had communicated to him, and upon which my sugges- 

 tion was based, for the separation of the Symplocacecu from the 

 Styracece. It was against these arguments, and to maintain the 

 opinions of Prof. A. DeCandolle, that Prof. Asa Gray directed 

 his remarks in his ' Notes on Vavcea,' to which I have before 

 alluded. 



