Char oj Great Britain. 119 



5. Salvelinus lonsdalii, sp. n. 



Depth of body 4^ to 5 in the length, length of head 4 ( ^J ) 

 or 4^ ( $ ). Snout subconical, longer than eye, the diameter 

 of which is 4§ to 5^ in tlie length of head. Interorbital 

 region slightly convex, its width 3^ to 3| in the length of 

 head. Dentition moderate ; jaws equal anteriorly ; maxillary 

 extending to below the posterior margin of pupil ( $ ) or 

 bryond (c?), its length 2^ ( c? ) or 2f ( ? ) in the length of 

 head; lower jaw pointed anteriorly, its length more than § 

 ( c? ) or a little less than § (?) of the length of iiead. 9 to 11 

 braiichiostegals. 13 slender gill-rakers on the lower part of 

 anterior arch. 166 to 182 scales in a longitudinal series. 

 Dorsal with U branched rays, its origin a little nearer to the 

 tip of snout than the base of caudal, the longest ray | to f 

 the length of bead. Anal with 8 branched rays. Pectoral |- 

 to |- the length of bead, extending f ( J) or nearly | (?) of 

 the distance from its base to the base of pelvics. Least 

 depth of caudal peduncle about 1| in its length and about ? 

 the length of head. Bluish black above, orange below ; 

 numerous orange spots on the sides ; dorsal and caudal dusky. 



H awes water. 



Two specimens, 170 mm. in total length, presented by the 

 Earl of Lonsdale, after whom I have named the species. 



This species is distinguished from S. willughhii especially 

 by the much longer lower jaw and bears a great resemblance 

 to S. lerisii, from which it differs in the smaller eye and in 

 having the dorsal fin a little higher and the pectorals rather 

 longer. 



Day (Fish. Britain, ii. p. 116) quotes J. Davy to the effect 

 that the Char of Haweswater is a small and slender fish 

 compared with that of Windermere. !Sir H. Davy's figures 

 (' ISalmonia,' p. 260, 1851) show well the main difference 

 between the two forms. Mr. W. H. Parkin writes me that 

 the Char caught in Haweswater hardly vary at all in size. 



Char from other British localities in the National Collection 

 include some forms which seem to be practically identical with 

 one or other of the species described above, and others which 

 may prove to be sufficiently different to be described later on 

 as distinct species ; in some cases more specimens are wanted 

 in order to determine how far the differences observed may 

 be constant ; in other cases I have seen enough examples to 

 determine pretty accurately the normal variation of the char 

 in certain lochs, but these jorms differ so slightly from their 

 nearest allies that 1 do not venture to describe them until 



