30 INTRODUCTION 



runs on into the ' ethical ' sphere as much as the 

 Struggle for the Life of Others. One has only to 

 see where Mr. Huxley gets his * ethical ' world to 

 perceive the extent of the anomaly. For where 

 does he get it, and what manner of world is it ? 

 " The history of civilization details the steps by 

 which men have succeeded in building up an 

 artificial world within the cosmos."^ An artificial 

 world within the cosmos ? 



This suggested breach between the earlier and the 

 later process, if indeed we are to take it seriously, is 

 scientifically indefensible, and the more unfortunate 

 since the same result, or a better, can be obtained 

 without it. The real breach is not between the 

 earlier and the later process, but between two 

 rival, or two co-operating processes, which have 

 existed from the first, which have worked together 

 all along the line, and which took on ' ethical ' 

 characters at the same moment in time. The 

 Struggle for the Life of Others is sunk as deep in 

 the " cosmic process " as the Struggle for Life ; the 

 Struggle for Life has a share in the " ethical 

 process " as much as the Struggle for the Life of 

 Others. Both are cosmic processes; both are ethical 

 processes ; both are both cosmical and ethical pro- 

 cesses. Nothing but confusion can arise from a 

 ^ Evolution and Ethics^ p. 35, 



