76 THE ASCENT OF MAN 



three- and four-roomed huts, and finally to the 

 many-chambered lodge of the Head-Chief or King. 



This passage from the simple cave to the many- 

 chambered lodge is an Evolution, and a similar 

 development may be traced in the domestic archi- 

 tecture of all civilized societies. The labourer's 

 cottage of modern England and the shieling of 

 the Highland crofter are the survivals of the one- 

 roomed hut of Primitive Man, scarcely changed 

 in any essential with the lapse of years. In the 

 squire's mansion also, and the nobleman's castle, 

 we have the representatives, but now in an im- 

 mensely developed form, of the many-roomed home 

 of the chief The steps by which the cottage 

 became the castle are the same as those by which 

 the cave in the rocks became the lodge of the 

 chief Both processes wear the hall-mark of all 

 true development — they arise in response to grow- 

 ing necessities, and they are carried out by the 

 most simple and natural steps. 



In this evolution of a human habitation we have 

 an almost perfect type of the evolution of that 

 more august habitation, the complex tenement of 

 clay in which Man's mysterious being has its home. 

 The Body of Man is a structure of a million, or 

 a million million cells. And the history of the 

 unborn babe \s, in the first instance, a history of 



