THE DA WN OF MIND 165 



ably evolved. We have seen also that in the 

 case of the body, each step of progress in the 

 embryo has its equivalent either in the bodies, or 

 in the embryos of lower forms of life. Now each 

 phase of mental development in the child is also 

 permanently represented by some species among 

 the lower animals, by idiots, or by the Mind of 

 some existing savage. 



Let us turn, however, to the second source of 

 information — Mind in the lower Animals. 



That animals have "Minds" is a fact which prob- 

 ably no one now disputes. Stories of " Animal 

 Intelligence " and " Animal Sagacity " in dogs and 

 bees and ants and elephants and a hundred other 

 creatures have been told us from childhood with 

 redundant reiteration. The old protest that animals 

 have no Mind but only instinct has lost its point. 

 In addition to instincts, animals betray intelligence, 

 and often a high degree of intelligence ; they share 

 our feelings and emotions ; they have memories ; 

 they form percepts ; they invent new ways of satis- 

 fying their desires, they learn by experience. It is 

 true their Minds want much, and all that is highest; 

 but the point is that they actually have Minds, 

 whatever their quantity and whatever their quality.^ 



^ As to the exact point of the difference, Mr. Romanes draws 

 the line at the exclusive possession by Man of the power of 



