THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE 253 



disposition ; and it was this largely that gave to 

 the world different kinds of men, different kinds of 

 bodies, minds, characters, and dispositions. The first 

 moral and intellectual diversifiers of men are to be 

 sought for in geography and geology — in the factors 

 which determine the circumstances in which men 

 severally conduct their Struggle for Life. If the 

 land had been all the same the Struggle for Life 

 had been all the same, and if the Struggle for Life 

 had been all the same, life itself had been all the 

 same. But to no two sets of men is the world ever 

 quite the same. The theatre of struggle varies with 

 every degree of latitude, with every change of alti- 

 tude, with every variation of soil. In most countries 

 three separate regions are found — a maritime region, 

 an agricultural region, a pastoral region. In the 

 first, the belt along the shore, the people are fisher- 

 men ; in the second, the lowlands and alluvial plains, 

 the people are farmers ; in the third, the highlands 

 and plateaux, they are shepherds. As men are 

 nothing but expressions of their environments, as 

 the kind of life depends on how men get their 

 living, each set of men becomes changed in different 

 ways. The fisherman's life is a precarious life ; he 

 becomes hardy, resolute, self-reliant. The farmer's 

 life is a settled life ; he becomes tame, he loves home, 

 he feeds on grains and fruits which take the heat 



