CH. XIV DRIVING APPARATUS 345 



drive helplessly on when he knows that he should 

 have turned round long before to get his load home 

 in time for dinner. 



At race-courses, country-clubs, and similar places 

 it is frequently necessary to back the coach into 

 position under a shed, or in an enclosure of small 

 size, and although that operation usually falls to the 

 lot of the professional coachman or groom, it is to 

 be assumed that the owner will not expect his ser- 

 vant to do anything of that kind which he himself 

 cannot do as well, or better, and he may be assured 

 that no small amount of practice and judgement is 

 required to accomplish the feat even moderately 

 well, — which may also be said of moving a carriage 

 without horses, in a coach house ; some coachmen 

 do it with quickness and certainty, and others only 

 after many failures. 



Driving Apparatus. — A little device designed by 

 me in 1892, will be found convenient for practising 

 and for illustrating methods of fingering. 



Two pulleys, each with two rollers, have hooks 

 by which they can be attached to eyes screwed into 

 any convenient wood-work, or to clamps fastened 

 on the edge of a heavy table, or on the balustrade 

 of a piazza. 



Over these pulleys, straps an inch in width, repre- 

 senting the reins, are passed. Each strap termi- 

 nates in a ring, to which is hooked a wire stem, 

 long enough to carry eight weights of one pound 



