102 BOTANY OF MICHIGAN 



SAXIFRAGACEAE. Saxifrage Family 



Saxifraga pennsylvanica L. (Micranthcs pennsylvanica (L.) Haw.). 

 Swamp saxifrage. On margins and in open spots of tamarack-black 

 spruce swamps. Plentiful. 



Mitella diphylla L. Two-leaved bishop's-cap. Damp rich woods and 

 thickets. Frequent. 



Mitella nuda L. Naked bishop's-cap. Damp rich shaded ground. 

 Common. 



Chrysosplenium americanum Schwcin. Golden saxifrage. Cool wet 

 open or shaded places. Often abundant. 



Parnassia parviflora DC. Small -flowered grass-of-parnassus. In 

 springy and wet meadow-like places. Abundant in spots. Noticed in 

 particular near Munising, Alger County. 



Parnassia caroliniana Michx. Carolina grass-of-parnassus. Common 

 in wet swampy open or shaded places. 



Ribes oxyacanthoides calcicola Fernald. (Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) 

 Spach.). Low wild gooseberry. Damp open or partially shaded ground. 

 Plentiful. 



Ribes flcridum L'Her. (R. americanum Mill.). Wild black currant. 

 Damp open or shaded ground. Plentiful. 



Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. Swamp black currant. Cool damp shaded 

 ground. Frequent. 



Ribes prostratum L'Her. (R. glandidosum Grauer.). Fetid currant. 

 Skunk currant. Damp shaded ground, sometimes in the open. Fre- 

 quent. 



Ribes triste Pall. Swamp red currant. American red currant. Damp 

 hardwoods . Frequent . 



ROSACEAE. Rose Family 



Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. (Opulaster opulifolius (L.) 

 Kuntze). Ninebark. Common along streams. Noticed as plentiful 

 in crevices of limestone rock on Lake Michigan shore at Seul Choix. 



Spiraea salicifolia L. Common meadow-sweet. In low mostl} r open 

 ground. Common. Apparently S. alba DuRoi or S. latifolia (Ait.) 

 Borkh. of some authors. 



Spiraea tomentosa L. Hardhack. Steeple bush. Usually in low damp 

 open ground. Common about Manistique. Cornell. 



Pyrus malus L. (Malus malus (L.) Britton). Common apple. No- 

 ticed as frequent throughout in a wild state. 



Pyrus arbutifolia atropurpurea (Britton) Robinson. (Aronia atropur- 

 purea Britton). Purple-fruited choke-berry. Frequent in low swampy 

 ground and often in shade. Ripe fruit claret colored to purplish black. 



Pyrus melanocarpa (Michx.) Willd. (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) 



