OBSERVATIONS ON THE WILD PLANTS AT WHITEFISH 

 POINT AND VERMILION, NEAR THE SOUTH SHORE OF 

 LAKE SUPERIOR, AND OTHER PARTS OF CHIPPEWA 

 COUNTY, MICHIGAN, IN 1914. 



Considerable biological work having been done at Whitefish Point 

 and near Vermilion in Chippewa County, Michigan, by the Michigan 

 Geological and Biological Survey, it was determined to investigate the 

 wild plants there as far as time would permit, referring only to flowering 

 plants, ferns, and fern allies. The writer undertook the work in the 

 summer of 1914. As far as possible other parts of the county were also 

 visited. 



Region Specially Examined 



Special plant examination began at Eckerman east of Soo Junction, 

 June 14, 1914; from this point north about 16 miles to Emerson on the 

 Lake Superior shore, to SheUdrake about 12 miles farther north and 

 west, and then to Whitefish Point and Vermilion about 15 miles farther 

 north. In this whole distance, there are only a very few small clearings 

 apparently long ago abandoned, and only a few little gardens. Ecker- 

 man is a mere railway station; Emerson and SheUdrake, only lumbering 

 and sawmill plants; Whitefish Point, a small postoffice; and Vermilion, 

 a life-saving station. About 3 miles northeast of the postoffice is the 

 United States lighthouse. A few fishermen operate along the shore 

 from Emerson to the lighthouse. Just southeast of Eckerman on a 

 ridge is a remarkable hardwood forest of beech, sugar maple, and birch, 

 yet intact. Scattered among the other trees are basswood, elm, and 

 hemlock, specimens as large as the writer has ever seen. North about 

 6 miles is another hardwood forest, 8 miles wide and reported to be H> 

 miles long easterly and westerly. In these two hardwood forests, so far 

 as could be examined, no lumbering to speak of has occurred, nor hav< 

 they been visited by destructive fires. In the larger forests a few lum- 

 bering camps were reported, but not seen. Nearly on the south is an 

 extensive cedar swamp, long ago lumbered over and abandoned and 

 later visited by destructive fires. At present it is mostly a sorl of jungle 

 in a condition for more devastating fires. Also, just north and wesl is 

 an extensive swamp of tamarack and black spruce, one at Emerson, and 

 another at SheUdrake, all yet intact, not having been lumbered over nor 

 visited by destructive fires. The trees are generally small and the 

 tamaracks are being killed as explained in the annotated plant list. 



