FISHES OF HOUGHTON COUNTY. 21 



about a half mile from I^ake Superior and al)out seven and a half miles 

 directly north of Houghton. The lake is nearly a mile long with an 

 average width of perhaps a (quarter of a mile and presents conditions 

 very different from those in the lakes in the forest south of Houghton. 

 The water is clear and the sand unstained. The shoal is variable in 

 extent; in some i)laces it is narrow and in others one can wade out a 

 hundred feet or so from shore. 



Bulrushes were more or less abundant in different parts of the shallow 

 water region, and formed dense and extensive patches. There was also 

 a growth of stoneworts on the bottom, associated with some gelatin- 

 ous and filamentous green algae whicii appeared to be chiefly Zyg- 

 nema and Spirogyra. 



Two small crayfish, Camharus sp?, were taken here, the only place 

 in the county where they were found. 



Only the shoal was fished, on August 23, but an attempt was made 

 to get a representative collection. The following species were obtained : 



Pimephales notaius. — Rather common. 



Ahramis cJiryaoleucas. — One small specimen (30 mm. long) taken. 



Notropis caynga. — This species was common and occurred in large 

 schools. The specimens were. mostly from 60-70 mm. long. 



Perca flavescens. — Small specimens about 40 mm. long w^ere common 

 in shallow water. 



Eiheostoma iowae. — A number w^ere found on the sandy bottom. 



The fish found in Bear Lake were of normal coloration and not 

 umber-tinged as were all of those found in the umber-colored water of 

 the forest lakes. 



CONCLUSION. 



As has already been stated, the work upon which this paper is based 

 ivas only a reconnaissance made for the purpose of obtaining a general 

 knowledge of the fishes and fish environments in the lakes of the region. 

 Study was centered on the shoals since in that habitat more species, 

 and thus a better representation of the fauna, could be obtained in the 

 time that could be given to the work. The main value of the report 

 must then be the additional data on the distril)ution of the species in 

 the state and the general information on the fish faunas of the lakes cf 

 this region which it contains. 



Five general conclusions may be drawn from the ecological data 

 given above and that contained in the list of species which follows. 



(1). The forest lakes examined, which have apparently very similar 

 conditions, have quite different fish faunas. 



(2). All of the fishes from the stained waters of the forest lakes are 

 very dark in color, their bodies being tinged with the same color as the 

 water. 



