32 



PAPERS ON ZOOLOGY OP MICHIGAN. 



Aside from the fishes taken in the trammel net at a depth exceeding 

 20 feet, and Usted in Table No. 6, the lake whitefish, Argyrosomus- 

 artedi cisco and the ling, Lota maculosa, are knoA\Ti to occur in very 

 deep water. During the summers of 1913 and 1914, dead lake whitefish 

 were found, Each had an injury on the ventral side of the body, near 

 the caudal fin. This injury resembled the scar made by the lake 

 lamprey. Many other species ,of fish were taken, as will be seen later, 

 with the same type of injury. At the close of the 1914 session of the 

 Biological Station a large specimen of the ling, Lota maculosa, was 

 found almost dead under a beached boat near the Station dock after 

 a heavy wind storm. This species belongs to the deep water near the 

 thermocline, at a depth varying from 35 to 40 feet or more. 



In addition to the lake itself, Bessey Creek, the other smaller inlets 

 and the outlet, Maple River, are important habitats for fishes. Bessey 

 Creek is a sluggish stream varying from one to eight feet in depth. 

 The bottom is covered with a deep layer of loose decayed vegetable 

 matter and ooze. A considerable amount of high grass, rushes, Scirpus 

 americanus, and white water lilies, Castalia odoratum, grow in the shallow 

 water near the bank, and in many places in mid-stream. The banks 

 are well wooded and shady. By frequent observations and seining 

 it was found that the mud minnow. Umbra limi, is the dominant species 

 of this habitat. The creek was seined several times and the combined 

 data of the seinings are given below: 



TABLE NO. 7. 



As shown by the table JJmhra limi is by far the most frequent 

 species in this habitat. 



Maple River and the small streams coming into the lake, other than 

 Bessey Creek, have been placed in the same group as regards type of 

 habitat because they are more or less swift and clear, and offer about 



