122 HYBRIDISING AND CROSS-BREEDING. 



The flowers and hardiness take after those of the male parent, 

 the colour being intermediate. 



* 2. A. japonico-vitifolia ( $ A. japonica, A. vitifolia). 

 This possesses the tenderness and ragged flowers of the -male 

 parent, and is worthless. 



* 3. Cereus speciosissimo-crenatus ($ C. spetiosissimus, $ C. 

 crenatus], The colour takes after the male, while the habit is 

 nearly that of the female parent. 



* 4. Aquilegia fragranti-californica ( A. fragrans, A. 

 calif or nica\ Here the offspring has the habit and flower of 

 the male, while the colour is intermediate. 



5. Rhododendron javanico-jasmi?iiflorum ("Princess Royal" 

 Hort. Veitch) ( $ R. javanicum, $ R. jasminifloruni), The 

 form of the flower is intermediate ; the colour is derived from 

 the male by the separation and retention of its rose and the 

 rejection of its yellow, a very curious, and, as far as we know, 

 unique case.t Leaves and habit intermediate. 



6. Mandirola Roezli ( $ Scheeria mexicana, $ Gesnera 

 (Ncegelid) zebrina). The colour is derived from the male, and 

 the whole habit and leaves from the female. 



7. Mandirola picturata ( $ Gesnera zebrina, Achimenes 

 mexicand). Here the inflorescence and flowers resemble the 

 male parent, while the leaves and colour are intermediate. 



8. Begonia miniato-Qpuliflora ( $ B. miniata, $ B. opuliflord). 

 The inflorescence and colour take after the male, leaves 



more like those of the female plant. 



" In these cases, taken perfectly at random, it is evident that 

 for the most part the male predominates, especially in Nos. i, 

 2, 4, 7, and 8, and this supports Dean Herbert's views ; but in 

 Nos. 3 and 6 the effects of the female are most conspicuous, 

 and in No. 5 the issue is nearly equalised ; even here, how- 

 ever, the colour is derived from the male, as also is the case in 

 i, 3, 4, 6, 8, and in a less conspicuous degree in the other 

 cases. The most curious result is that in both 6 and 7 

 Gesnera zebrina overcame the peculiarities of its consorts, 

 whether used as male or female. This points to a conclusion 

 not yet drawn viz., that in some cases it is merely because of 

 the inherent vigour of constitution that a species prevails, and 

 not because it is male." 



Hybridism and Colour. The colour of stems, leaves, flowers, 

 and fruit is altered by hybridising and cross-breeding, but it 

 is in the flower that these changes are most noticeable, since 



* Hybrids raised by Mr Gordon in the Chiswick Garden. 



t Begonia Weltoniensis is a similar example of this separation of colour 

 in the hybrid offspring. 



