THE WALLFLOWER AND CABBAGE FAMILY. 213 



obtained from C. Marshalli seedlings that closely resemble 

 the Erysimum Peroffskianum, it is doubly interesting to find 

 that this hardy annual was one of its progenitors. An examina- 

 tion of C. Marshalli shows that it differs from C. ochroleucus 

 both in colour and form of foliage, and in the form of the 

 flower-stalk, which latter, as it elongates, much resembles that 

 of the Erysimum. And in the foliage and habit of growth it 

 will be found that what divergence from C. ochroleucus there 

 is, is evidently towards the foliage and habit of the Erysimum 

 also. I have often tried to get seed from C. Marshalli, but 

 without success, and have on several occasions used pollen 

 from the flowers of the dwarf yellow Wallflower, but to no 

 purpose. I am told that structurally the seed-organs of the 

 flowers are perfect, but why no seed is produced is a mystery. 

 It would seem, however, that the flowers are not devoid of 

 pollen, as I have found natural crosses produced on the yellow 

 Wallflower one plant exhibited by me at South Kensington 

 last spring showing the effects of the cross in a marked degree. 

 It is worthy of remark that whilst the rich orange hue of the 

 flowers of Marshalli renders it the most attractive kind, yet it 

 is not so robust or by any means so freely propagated as is its 

 old perennial parent." 



Mathiola. A well-known group of sweet-scented plants 

 of dwarf habit, commonly grown in gardens under the name of 

 Gilliflowers or Stocks. There are several strains or races, 

 such as the Brompton, Queen's, Intermediate, Wallflower- 

 leaved, East Lothian, Pyramidal, and others. These races 

 have partly descended from M. anmia, and some of these 

 strains have been improved by crossing or hybridising with M. 

 incana, a perennial species. M. maderensi-incana is a hybrid, 

 as indicated by its trivial name, and its pollen being always 

 fertile it seeds freely. 



Stocks are, as a rule, propagated by seeds; but in order 

 to perpetuate double Stocks, says the 'Florist,' it is recom- 

 mended, when the varieties are in full bloom, to take off 

 as cuttings the lateral shoots beneath the flowers (before 

 they show bloom), and to prepare and plant them like those 

 of other soft-wooded plants, placing them in a cold frame, 

 and shading them until roots have pushed out freely. In this 

 way it is said that plants more symmetrical in shape, and 

 blooming more profusely than those generally raised from seed, 

 are produced. At Erfurt, whence comes the main supply of 

 German Stock seeds, about 600,000 flower-pots are annually 

 planted with about 3,600,000 of these plants, for the purpose 

 of obtaining seeds. These pots, placed in a single row, would 



