GRAFTING THE GRAPE. 



69 



are likely to fail to produce the desired results. It is 

 natural for the sap to flow through the most direct and 

 convenient channel, and this would eventually be the 

 new surface roots emitted from the cion. Of course, it 

 is no more difficult to bank earth around the newly set 

 cion than to dig it away and graft below the surface ; 

 consequently, the grafter may vary the operation accord- 

 in? with the object he has in view. 



FIG. 22. 



When there is a scarcity of stocks for grafting, an 

 old vine may be layered, as shown in Fig. 19, and instead 

 of taking up the layers the young canes may be grafted 

 in the fall, inserting the graft as near the layered cane 

 or roots as practicable. And when the grafts have made 

 one season's growth they may be taken up and separated, 

 or be again layered and several vines produced from 

 each. But plants produced in this way will, when re- 



