SYSTEMS OF PRUNING AND TRAINING. 191 



single bow, as recommended by Mr. Husmann. The 

 vine on the left hand is shown as it appears when pruned 

 in spring. The right-hand figure gives the same vine in 

 the autumn after the leaves have fallen. A is the bear- 

 ing cane, or bow, which is to be cut entirely away, at 

 the point shown by the line crossing it near the base. 

 The left-hand cane is cut off at C, and the cane B is 

 shortened to ten or fifteen buds, and bent over to the 

 right, to form the bow for the next season. This system 

 is a very good one for the more rampant growers, partic- 

 ularly those which are naturally unproductive, or pro- 

 duce only small bunches. If the variety trained in this 



FIG. 74. 



manner produces very large bunches, it must be evident 

 that the young bearing canes will require considerable 

 care ; for, if not tied firmly to the trellis, they will be 

 broken off by the wind. It is far from being a neat or 

 systematic mode, but will answer, where wine-making 

 is the object, and the appearance of the fruit not 

 important. 



The Fan System. This is a very old and com- 

 mon mode of training vines on wire trellises, and, I may 

 add, a most excellent one for the vineyard, and especially 

 where labor is dear and grapes are cheap. It does not 



