BIMANA. 37 



to have been framed with a view to a vertical position. The heart is placed 

 obliquely on the diaphragm, and its point inclines to the left, thereby occasion- 

 ing a distribution of the aorta, differing from that of most quadrupeds. 



The natural food of man, judging from his structure, appears to consist of 

 the fruits, roots, and other succulent parts of vegetables ; his hands offer him 

 every facility for gathering them ; his short, and but moderately strong jaws 

 on the one hand, and his canini being equal in length to the remaining teeth, 

 and his tubercular molares on the other, would allow him neither to feed on 

 grass nor to devour flesh, were these aliments not previously prepared by 

 cooking. Once possessed of fire, however, and those arts by which he is 

 aided in seizing animals or killing them at a distance, every living being was 

 rendered subservient to his nourishment, thereby giving him the means of an 

 infinite multiplication of his species. 



To complete the hasty sketch of the anatomical structure of man requisite 

 for this introduction, we will add, that he has thirty-two vertebrae, of which 

 seven belong to the neck, twelve to the back, five to the loins, five to the sa- 

 crum, and three to the coccyx. Seven pairs of his ribs are united to the 

 sternum by elongated cartilages, and are called true ribs ; the five following 

 pairs are denominated false ones. The adult cranium is formed of eight bones; 

 an occipitalis, two ossa temporis, two parie- 

 talia, and the frontal, ethmoidal, and sphe- 

 noidal bones. The bones of his face are 

 fourteen in number ; two maxillaries, two 

 ossa malse, each of which joins the temporal 

 to the maxillary bone of its own side by a 

 kind of handle called the zygomatic arch; 

 two nasal bones, two ossa palati behind the 

 palate, a vomer between the nostrils, two 

 turbinated bones of the nose in the nostrils, 

 two lachrymals (unguis) in the internal 

 angles of the orbits and the single bone of 

 the lower jaw. Each jaw has sixteen teeth; 

 four cutting incisors in the middle, two pointed canines at the corners, and 

 ten tuberculated molares, five on each side. At the extremity of the spine of 

 his scapula, is a tuberosity called the acromion, to which the clavicle is attached, 

 and over its articulation is a point called the coracoid process, with which 

 certain muscles are connected. The radius revolves upon the ulna, owing to 

 the mode of its articulation with the humerus. The carpus has eight bones, 

 four in each range ; the tarsus has seven ; those of the remaining parts of the 

 hand and foot may be easily counted by the number of fingers and toes. 



PHYSICAL AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF MAN. 



Scarcely has the body gained the full period of its growth in height, before 

 it begins to increase in bulk ; fat accumulates in the cellular tissue, the different 



